In this study we consider the density of motor proteins in filament bundles with polarity graded in space. We start with a microscopic model that includes information on motor binding site positions along specific filaments and on their polarities. We assume that filament length is small compared to the characteristic length scale of the bundle polarity pattern. This leads to a separation of sc...

In a two-dimensional material, the orbital motion of electrons, rather than their spin, is dominant contribution to an effect harnessed by spintronic devices.

Abstract The state of ecosystems is influenced strongly by their past, and describing this carryover effect important to accurately forecast future behaviors. However, the strength persistence on ecosystem dynamics in comparison that simultaneous environmental drivers are still poorly understood. Here, we show vegetation growth (VGC), defined as present states subsequent growth, exerts strong p...

We investigate the evolution of populations of random Boolean networks under selection for robustness of the dynamics with respect to the perturbation of the state of a node. The fitness landscape contains a huge plateau of maximum fitness that spans the entire network space. When selection is so strong that it dominates over drift, the evolutionary process is accompanied by a slow increase in ...

We prove that the asymptotic field of a Skyrme soliton of any degree has a non-trivial multipole expansion. It follows that every Skyrme soliton has a well-defined leading multipole moment. We derive an expression for the linear interaction energy of well-separated Skyrme solitons in terms of their leading multipole moments. This expression can always be made negative by suitable rotations of o...