A commentary on Establishment of embryonic shoot–root axis is involved in auxin and cytokinin response during Arabidopsis somatic embryogenesis Plant tissue culture and subsequent organogenesis have been regarded as part of the scientific roots of modern plant biotechnology (Sussex, 2008). Establishments of shoot apical meristem (SAM) and root apical meristem (RAM) are critical steps for somati...

The rapid direct and repetitive somatic embryogenesis in Coffea arabica and C. canephora genotypes was tested on Murashige and Skoog medium (MS) containing thidiazuron (TDZ) (1-phenyl-3-(1,2,3,-thiadiazol-5-yl)urea) in concentrations of 2.27–11.35s M. Segments taken from cotyledon leaf, first leaf and stalk of regenerated plantlets produced clusters of somatic embryos directly from cut portions...

Abbreviations: AO, dry achenes; Al-A3, germinated achenes 1-3d after imbibition; 2-D, two-dimensional; IEF, isoetectric focusing; LEA, late embryogenesis abundant; M,, molecular mass; Rubisco, ribulose biphosphate carboxylase!oxygenase; SEgh, somatic embryos at the globular!hcart stages; SEt, torpedo stage; SEc, cotyledonary stage; SP, somatic plantlet; SPc, chlorophyllous somatic plantlet; ZE,...

1. Abstract 2. Introduction 3. Purine and pyrimidine metabolism during somatic embryogenesis 3.1. Maintenance of embryogenic tissue 3.1.1. Purine metabolism during maintenance of embryogenic tissue 3.1.2. Pyrimidine metabolism during maintenance of embryogenic tissue 3.2. Development of somatic embryos 3.2.1. Purine metabolism during development of somatic embryos 3.2.2. Pyrimidine metabolism d...

Are Genetic and Epigenetic Instabilities of Plant Embryogenic Cells a Fatality? The Experience of Coffee Somatic Embryogenesis Hervé Etienne1*, Benoît Bertrand1, Eveline Dechamp1, Patrick Maurel2, Frédéric Georget1, Romain Guyot3 and Jean-Christophe Breitler1 1CIRAD, UMR IPME, 911 Avenue Agropolis, BP 64501, 34394 Montpellier, France 2Medesis Pharma SA, l’Orée des mas,Avenue du golf, 34670 Bail...

of embryogenic frequency 88.9 and 72.23 were recorded for stem explants. However, the greatest embryogenic calli fresh weights 14.68 and 9.65 (mg/jar) were derived from leaf explants. Moreover, growth of somatic embryos was investigated during 7weeks. The highest regeneration percentage was achieved for stem explants compared other explants and recorded 88.88 and 66.66 for directly or indirectl...

At the nonpermissive temperature, somatic embryogenesis of the temperature-sensitive (ts) carrot cell mutant ts11 does not proceed beyond the globular stage. This developmental arrest can be lifted by the addition of proteins secreted by wild-type cells to the culture medium. From this mixture of secreted proteins, a 32-kD glycoprotein, designated extracellular protein 3 (EP3), that allows comp...