In this paper, artificial neural networks (ANNs) and genetic algorithms (GAs) are used for the design of solar flat-plate collectors. It is proved in this paper that by using the Taguchi method for selecting the data required for training the ANN is very effective in allowing the network to learn the behavior of the system satisfactorily. The parameters on which the flat-plate collector design ...

The aim of the present work is to investigate efficiency flat-plate solar panels in Greece for delivering energy. In this study, are mounted on a two-axis tracker, which follows daily path sun. context, annual energy sums estimated such surfaces from hourly horizontal radiation values at forty-three locations, covering all Greece. embedded typical meteorological years sites obtained PVGIS tool....

Project GRAND has the capability of measuring the angle and identity of single tracks of secondary muons at ground level. The array is comprised of 64 stations each containing eight proportional wire planes with a 50 mm steel absorber plate placed above the bottom two planes in each station. The added steel absorber plate allows muon tracks to be separated from the less massive electrons. Over ...

Received ; accepted – 2 – ABSTRACT Using simultaneous observations of the MDI and EIT instruments on board the SoHO spacecraft, we determined in flight the plate scale of the EIT. We found a value of 2.629 ± 0.001 arc seconds per pixel, in fair agreement with the 2.627 ± 0.001 arc seconds per pixel value deduced from recent laboratory measurements of the focal length, and much higher by 7σ than...

The removal of thin films widely used in photovoltaics as (transparent) electrodes (e.g. SnO2, molybdenum) or solar absorber (e.g. amorphous silicon) materials is studied experimentally using multi-kHz diode-pumped solid state lasers in the visible and infrared spectral region. The film processing (or what is commonly known as P1, P2, or P3 laser scribing) is performed through the film-supporti...

The best operation strategies for open loop flat-plate solar collector systems are considered. A direct optimal control method (the TOMP algorithm) is implemented. A detailed collector model and realistic meteorological data from both cold and warm seasons are used in applications. The maximum exergetic efficiency is low (usually less than 3%), in good agreement with experimental measurements r...

In the solar energy industry great emphasis has been placed on the development of better and efficient systems as these are utilized in the form of heat and electricity for both domestic and industry purpose. The system is integration of several sub systems namely coated solar collectors; absorbers; plates shape and size, type of coatings, and techniques of applying these coatings are major gov...

PICARD SOL is the ground component of the PICARD mission and is operational since March 2011. A set of instruments including the replica of the space instrument and several atmospheric monitors was set up at Calern observatory in order to compare solar radius measured in space and on ground and to better understand and calibrate atmospheric effects on ground based measurements. SODISM II provid...

The use of an artificial roughness on a surface of absorber plate is an effective technique to enhance the rate of heat transfer to fluid flow in the duct of a solar air heater. This paper presents a comparison of parameters that enhance the heat transfer coefficient thus efficiency ofa solar air heater for different artificially roughened geometries for the Reynolds number from 2500 -18000. Th...