This study investigates the temporal and spatial variation of soil moisture associated with global warming as simulated by long-term integrations of a coupled ocean-atmosphere model conducted earlier. Starting from year 1765, integrations of the coupled model for 300 years were performed for three scenarios: increasing greenhouse gases only, increasing sulfate-aerosol loading only and the combi...

The response of nitrous oxide (N2O) emission rates and b-proteobacterial ammoniaoxidizing (AOB) communities to manipulations of temperature, soil moisture and nitrogenous fertilizer concentration were studied for 16–20 weeks in a multifactorial laboratory experiment using a California meadow soil. Interactions among these three environmental factors influenced the N2O emission rates, and two pa...

Seasonal changes over 2 years (2004–2006) in soil moisture content ( v) of frozen alpine frost meadow soils of the QinghaiTibet plateau permafrost region under three different levels of vegetation cover were investigated. Vegetation cover and air temperature changes had significant effects (synergistic effect) on v and its distribution in the soil profile. During periods of soil freezing or tha...

     Developing strategies to tackle water stress in lawns in arid climate regions is significantly important. In such conditions, using growing media amendments as well as native plants can relieve drought stress in different growing stages of the plants. This study was carried out to investigate the effects of some types of soil amendments on the emergence and early seedling establishment of ...

Retrieving information from remotely sensed data is an important task. In the present work, data of L band microwave radiometer has been used to collect the brightness temperature over bare and vegetated fields in two polarizations at different moisture levels. Artificial neural network (ANN) trained with Levenberg-Marquardt algorithm has been used to determine soil moisture from brightness tem...

Seed dispersal is one of the vehicles of gene flow in plants. If a seed carrying transgene(s) is dispersed into the environment, the fate can be determined by its persistence in the soil bank, which can also vary in different ecotypes of a species and the physical environment of the soil including temperature and moisture. This study aimed at investigating ecotypic differences in wild sorghum f...

Soil is a mixture of four components: air, free water, bound water and soil particles. The microwave dielectric constant of soil is strongly dependent on the soil moisture content. The dielectric constant is a measure of the response of a material to an applied electric field, such as an electromagnetic wave. It has a real and an imaginary component. Soil particles’ dielectric constant depends ...

Accurate latent and sensible heat flux prediction in response to land surface soil moisture at midlatitudes has been shown to be as important as sea surface temperature in making accurate precipitation prediction at mid-latitudes over land (Koster et al., 2000). Unfortunately, land surface models typically give a poor prediction of soil moisture and atmospheric feedback, with large differences ...