Utilising naturally contaminated soils and rocks is essential for significantly reducing geo-waste. However, there are no well-established concepts regarding the methods or countermeasures utilising these rocks, which would realise cost-effectiveness environmental safety. Therefore, several researches focusing on attenuation layer method have recently been undertaken. This involves installing a...

Phase change materials (PCMs) can store large amounts of energy in latent heat and release it during phase changes, which could be used to improve the freeze-thaw performance soil. The composite material was prepared with paraffin as PCM 8% Class C fly ash (CFA) supporting material. Laboratory tests were conducted reveal influence (CFA-PCM) on thermal properties, volume changes mechanical prope...

A considerable amount of energy is released in the form of shock wave from explosive charge detonation. Shock wave energy is responsible for the creation of crushing and fracture zone around the blast hole. The rest of the shock wave energy is transferred to rock mass as ground vibration. Ground vibration is conveyed to the adjacent structures by body and surface waves. Geological structures li...