The increasing awareness of the importance water for human and environmental health has prompted need developing fast, user-friendly cost-effective analytical approaches quality control management. This work reports fabrication assessment a very simple sample-to-result electrochemical sensor discrete precise measurements dissolved chemical oxygen demand (COD) in samples urban wastewater treatme...

Kinetic data on the rates of quinolinium dichromate oxidation of a series of aliphatic aldehydes have been determined and discussed with reference to aldehyde hydration equilibria. Kinetic results support a pathway proceeding via a rate-determining oxidative decomposition of a chromate ester of an aldehyde hydrate. A cyclic transition state is suggested; being a Hückel-type system (4n + 2), thi...

Ever since the introduction of the calorimetric method for the determination of creatinine, potassium bichromate, in half normal solution, has been used as the standard for measuring the color obtained in the reaction of creatinine with picric acid and sodium hydroxide. That the bichromate has been serviceable for the purpose is evidenced by the fact that no other standard has ever been propose...

Ever since the introduction of the calorimetric method for the determination of creatinine, potassium bichromate, in half normal solution, has been used as the standard for measuring the color obtained in the reaction of creatinine with picric acid and sodium hydroxide. That the bichromate has been serviceable for the purpose is evidenced by the fact that no other standard has ever been propose...

BACKGROUND Hexavalent chromium [Cr(VI)] is a human carcinogen after inhalation exposure. Humans also ingest Cr(VI) from contaminated drinking water and soil; however, limited data exist on the oral toxicity and carcinogenicity of Cr(VI). OBJECTIVE We characterized the chronic oral toxicity and carcinogenicity of Cr(VI) in rodents. METHODS The National Toxicology Program (NTP) conducted 2-ye...

This study was conducted to investigate the possible protective effect of Spirulina platensis against chromium-induced nephrotoxicity. A total of 36 adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 4 equal groups (Gps). Gp1 served as control, rats of Gps 2, 3, and 4 were exposed to Spirulina platensis (300 mg/kg b.wt per os) and sodium dichromate dihydrate (SDD) via drinking water at concentrat...

Although acute renal failure, caused either by renal ischemia or nephrotoxic agents, is usually characterized by oliguria, a severe fall in glomerular filtration rate, and a fall in renal blood flow, some patients and experimental models display a non-oliguric pattern of renal injury. The present study was designed to evaluate the mechanism of preservation of high urinary flow rate under this c...

Reaction of potassium dichromate with sodium ascorbate was studied by EPR spectroscopy at room temperature, in 0.10 M N-[2-hydroxyethyl]piperazine-N'-[2-ethanesulfonic acid] (HEPES), phosphate, cacodylate, and tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane hydrochloride (Tris.HCl) buffers at pH 7.0, in the presence of 0.10 M spin trap [5,5-dimethyl-1-pyrroline 1-oxide or 2-methyl-N-(4-pyridinylmethylene)-2-pr...