When foraging in a social group, individuals are faced with the choice of sampling their environment directly or exploiting the discoveries of others. The evolutionary dynamics of this trade-off have been explored mathematically through the producer-scrounger game, which has highlighted socially exploitative behaviours as a major potential cost of group living. However, our understanding of the...

The detection of influential nodes in a social network is an active research area with many valuable applications including marketing and advertisement. As a new application in academia, KDD Cup 2016 shed light on the lack of an existing objective ranking for institutions within their respective research areas and proposed a solution for it. In this problem, the academic fields are defined as s...

Social responsibility provides a framework for ethical monitoring on the business enterprises activities whereby business enterprises must responsible to society and environment. This study based on financial variables and using the data envelopment analysis technique, ranks automotive companies in terms of social responsibility. Data and theoretical frameworks of the research are based on libr...

We consider collaborative tagging systems where users can attach tags to information objects. Such systems are widely used to add keywords meta-data to photos, videos, or web pages (social bookmarking applications). The meta-data is then used by information retrieval mechanism to provide accurate query answers. To that end, the goal of collaborative tagging systems is to quickly discover the tr...

As availability of Internet access on mobile devices develops year after year, users have been able to make use of search services while on the go. Location information on these devices has enabled mobile users to use local search services to access various types of location-related information easily. Mobile local search is inherently different from general web search. Namely, it focuses on lo...

Understanding the link between individual behavior and population organization and functioning has long been central to ecology and evolutionary biology (Krause et al., 2009; Sueur et al., 2011; Kurvers et al., 2014). Behavior is a response to intrinsic and extrinsic factors including individual state, ecological factors, or social interactions. Within a group, each individual can be seen as pa...

Weakly electric fish from the family Mormyridae produce pulsatile electric organ discharges (EODs) for use in communication. For many species, male EODs are seasonally longer in duration than those of females, and among males, there are also individual differences in EOD duration. While EOD elongation can be induced by the administration of exogenous androgens, androgen levels have never before...

We investigate the scope for cooperation within a community engaged in repeated reciprocal interactions. Players seek the help of others and approach them sequentially according to some fixed order, that is, a ranking profile. We study the ranking profiles that correspond to the social structures that are most effective in sustaining cooperation in equilibrium, that is, social structures that s...

Thousands of music tracks are uploaded to the Internet every day through websites and social networks that focus on music. While some content has been popular for decades, some tracks that have just been released have been ignored. What makes a music track popular? Can the duration of a music track’s popularity be explained and predicted? By analysing data on the performance of a music track on...