In this article, the growth and coalescence of semipolar (112̄2) oriented GaN layers, deposited on pre-structured r-plane sapphire substrates, is studied with the help of Si-doped marker layers. It has been found to be very important to adjust the shape of the initial GaN stripes by varying the growth temperature to obtain not only a smooth surface, but also a low density of basal plane stacking...

Recent advances in graphics hardware enable us to handle not only simple polyhedral shapes but complicated smooth shapes in CAD systems. Since the CAD systems represent such smooth surfaces by extending conventional simplicial representation, there are several problems in handling the smooth surface shapes that have no intuitive polyhedral approximations. The first problem is that the design of...

Playas are low-lands which is considered to be the locations of accumulation of superficial and ground waters fromhigher elevations and these waters have different types of salts and various salinity level. Therefore, because of lack ofrainfall and fresh-water both for human and animal useage or even for plants, it is needed to apply proper methods toharvest fresh water from these saline-waters...

non-consolidation and dispersion of agricultural lands is considered as one of the serious barriers against agricultural development. small-size farms along with their being dispersed hinders the efficient use of water, land, labor, mechanization and other factors effective in agricultural production. the main purpose followed in this article is to study the attitude of farmers towards land int...

Hydroxyl radicals arising from the Fenton reagent remove metastable surface gold atoms (low coordinated high-energy surface atoms) on the Au surface, thus precluding the formation of stable oxides. The resultant smooth surface, upon hydroxyl-radical activation, electrocatalyzes oxygen evolution reaction in 0.1 M NaOH at overpotentials lowered by 190 mV @ 10 mA cm(-2).

For an optimum use of natural resources in the sustainable development trend, there is a need to identify ecological resources in the shortest period of time and minimum possible cost. In this article, we aimed Management ecosystem by Assessment of plant covers changes at Taleghan Township in a twenty year period. Percentage of landscape and number of patch were among the metrics that were calc...