BACKGROUND The relationship between epilepsy and sleep is bidirectional as seizures disrupt sleep and coexisting sleep disorders have detrimental effects on seizure control and quality of life for both the children and their families. Previous research has reported on sleep disturbance in children with epilepsy primarily by subjective parental reports. Actigraphy may provide a more accurate obj...

While research examining the health impact of early socioeconomic conditions suggests that effects may exist independently of or jointly with adult socioeconomic position, studies exploring other potential pathways are few. Following a chain of risk life course model, this prospective study seeks to examine whether pathways of occupational class as well as material and social adversities across...

This study assessed the sleep patterns, sleep disruptions, and sleepiness of school-age children. Sleep patterns of 140 children (72 boys and 68 girls; 2nd-, 4th-, and 6th-grade students) were evaluated with activity monitors (actigraphs). In addition, the children and their parents completed complementary sleep questionnaires and daily reports. The findings reflected significant age difference...

The study aims to evaluate the sleep quality and presence of daytime sleepiness in workers.

This study presents a novel mathematical modeling framework that is uniquely suited to investigating the structure and dynamics of the sleep-wake regulatory network in the brain stem and hypothalamus. It is based on a population firing rate model formalism that is modified to explicitly include concentration levels of neurotransmitters released to postsynaptic populations. Using this framework,...

STUDY OBJECTIVES Examine the role of sleep in the consolidation of declarative memory in children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD). DESIGN Case-control study. SETTING Home-based study with sleep and wake conditions. PARTICIPANTS Twenty-two participants with ASD and 20 control participants between 9 and 16 y of age. MEASUREMENTS AND RESULTS Participants were trained to criterion on a ...

The dynamics of sleep and wake are strongly linked to the circadian clock. Many models have accurately predicted behaviour resulting from dynamic interactions between these two systems without specifying physiological substrates for these interactions. By contrast, recent experimental work has identified much of the relevant physiology for circadian and sleep-wake regulation, but interaction dy...

Cerebral Palsy (CP) is a group of disorders of movement and posture caused by a non-progressive interference, lesion or abnormality of the immature brain which is often accompanied by impairment of sensation, cognition and communication and affecting more than 2 per 1000 live-born children [1]. Sleep disorders are more frequent in CP than in typically developing children with a prevalence varyi...

HUMAN AFRICAN TRYPANOSOMIASIS (HAT), KNOWN AS SLEEPING SICKNESS, HAS REEMERGED IN 36 COUNTRIES THROUGHOUT SUB-SAHARAN AFRICA AND IS AN IMPORTANT CAUSE OF HUMAN MORTALITY AND MORBIDITY.1 It results from the infectious bite of tsetse flies (genus Glossina), which inoculate protozoan parasites of the Trypanosoma species. The East African form is provoked by Trypanosoma brucei (T. b.) rhodesiense; ...

The orexinergic neurons of the lateral hypothalamus (Orx) are essential for regulating sleep-wake dynamics, and their loss causes narcolepsy, a disorder characterized by severe instability of sleep and wake states. However, the mechanisms through which Orx stabilize sleep and wake are not well understood. In this work, an explanation of the stabilizing effects of Orx is presented using a quanti...