Ehrlichia spp. is tick-borne zoonotic pathogen that can infect humans and animals. Nowadays, among the tests used in diagnosis of ehrlichiosis, importance molecular methods increasing steadily due to their high sensitivity specificity. The aim this study was determine analytical a conventional polymerase chain reaction (PCR) targeting disulfide oxidoreductase (DSB) gene. DSB gene cloned into TO...

INTRODUCTION Tongue scraping and brushing have been appreciated for hundreds of years but are still appreciated or used by the public. Scientific evidence has validated the need to practice habitual and tongue cleaning as part of daily home oral hygiene procedures. OBJECTIVE To assess and compare the effect of tongue scraping and tongue brushing on oral Mutans streptococci level. MATERIALS ...

PURPOSE To examine the expression of the p27(KIP1)in the normal and epithelial-scraped cornea and whether degradation of p27(KIP1)by Skp2 is involved in the regulation of cell proliferation in response to wounding of the corneal epithelium. METHODS C57Bl6, p27(KIP1-/-), Skp2(-/-), and Skp2(-/-)/p27(KIP1-/-) double-knockout mice were examined. Normal and epithelial-scraped corneas were analyze...

Cnidarian envenomations are the leading cause of severe and lethal human sting injuries from marine life. The total amount of venom discharged into sting-site tissues, sometimes referred to as "venom load", has been previously shown to correlate with tentacle contact length and sequelae severity. Since <1% of cnidae discharge upon initial tentacle contact, effective and safe removal of adherent...

S.Y. Zhang Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, lWZ USA CWJ-j perpendicular rncident hasanangle8= O,and a range of Secondary electron (SE) production is briefly reviewed. If the collimator of the SNS storage ring allows proton beam scraping to take place, the electron yield might be quite large. At the AGS Booster, by steering the AU3’+ ion beam into the electrostatic rnflector,beam scraping ...

Teeth are generally used for actions in which they experience mainly compressive forces acting toward the base. The ordered tooth enamel(oid) and dentin structures contribute to the high compressive strength but also to the minor shear and tensile strengths. Some vertebrates, however, use their teeth for scraping, with teeth experiencing forces directed mostly normal to their long axis. Some sc...

BACKGROUND There is a general opinion that a structured and specific rehabilitation is needed after treatment of midportion Achilles tendinopathy to minimize recurrence of the condition. There is sparse knowledge about the recurrence rates in large patient materials after specific treatments for midportion Achilles tendinopathy. AIM This study aimed to investigate the recurrence rates in a la...

The limpet radula is a feeding organ, which contains more than 100 rows of teeth. During their growth the teeth mature and advance in position along the radula. The simpler doccoglossan radulae operate by grinding rocky substrates, extracting the algae by rasping and scraping with the teeth functioning as shovels. Less is known about the rhipidoglossan radulae, used as rakes or brooms that brus...