This paper is concerned with a closed adaptive sequential procedure for selecting random-size subset containing experimental treatments that are better than standard. All the k under considerations measured by two endpoints accounting treatment efficacy and safety respectively. The selection made regard to binary endpoints. An considered be standard if its both have successful rates higher ones...

BACKGROUND Explaining species range size pattern is a central issue in biogeography and macroecology. Although several hypotheses have been proposed, the causes and processes underlying range size patterns are still not clearly understood. In this study, we documented the latitudinal mean range size patterns of terrestrial mammals in China, and evaluated whether that pattern conformed to the pr...

a viscosity model, based on eyring’s absolute rate theory combined with a cubic pr equation of state and wong-sandler mixing rule, has been proposed in order to correlate viscosities of aqueous solutions of alkanolamine mixtures at atmospheric pressure and different temperatures. in the proposed method, the energy and size parameters in studied equation of state (eos) have been obtained using t...

This paper examines the size reduction of the fuzzy rule base without compromising the control characteristics of a fuzzy logic controller (FLC). A 49-rule FLC is approximated by a 4-rule simplest FLC using compensating factors. This approximated 4-rule FLC is implemented to control the shunt active power filter (APF), which is used for harmonic mitigation in source current. The proposed contro...

This study examines the government policy of public goods provision and its effects on economic growth welfare under intergenerational altruism. The considers an endogenous model with altruistic overlapping generations. preferences current youth exhibit a future bias, thus, democratically elected governments are subject to this bias. optimal rule for supply bias differs from original Samuelson ...

Cope's rule, the tendency for species within a lineage to evolve towards larger body size, has been widely reported in the fossil record, but the mechanisms leading to such phyletic size increase remain unclear. Here we show that selection acting on individual organisms generally favors larger body size. We performed an analysis of the strength of directional selection on size compared with oth...

The body size of the pale grass blue butterfly, Zizeeria maha, has been used as an environmental indicator of radioactive pollution caused by the Fukushima nuclear accident. However, geographical and temporal size distributions in Japan and temperature effects on size have not been established in this species. Here, we examined the geographical, temporal, and temperature-dependent changes of th...

In the field of Bioinformatics, protein sequence motif analysis has the potential to discover the role and function of specific proteins. Many algorithms or techniques to discover motifs require a predefined fixed window size in advance. Due to the fixed size, these approaches often deliver a number of similar motifs simply shifted by some bases or including mismatches. For this problem, earlie...