Quadratic assignment problem (QAP) is a well-known problem in the facility location and layout. It belongs to the NP-complete class. There are many heuristic and meta-heuristic methods, which are presented for QAP in the literature. In this paper, we applied 2-opt, greedy 2-opt, 3-opt, greedy 3-opt, and VNZ as heuristic methods and tabu search (TS), simulated annealing, and pa...

This paper browses through some well-known meta-heuristic search strategies, and briefly discusses some of their recent applications to the VLSI layout design process. It starts with very brief description of the different phases of VLSI layout design, and a brief overview of Meta-Heuristic search strategies. Since most of the VLSI layout design problems are hard optimization problems, the conc...

This article introduces a new variant on the popular optimization method, simulated annealing, herein called modified discrete-state simulated annealing. A guide in practical implementation of simulated tempering is also provided. The algorithms are tested in the design of an ideal collector for a travelling wave tube amplifier. keywords: simulated annealing, simulated tempering, travelling wav...

For many optimization algorithms the time to solution depends not only on the problem size but also on the specific problem instance and may vary by many orders of magnitude. It is then necessary to investigate the full distribution and especially its tail. Here, we analyze the distributions of annealing times for simulated annealing and simulated quantum annealing (by path integral quantum Mon...