PURPOSE Few previous studies have investigated associations between clinical variables available after 24 hours in the intensive care unit (ICU), including the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI), and decisions to restrict life-sustaining treatment. The aim of this study was to identify factors associated with the life-sustaining treatment restriction and to explore if CCI contributes to explainin...

BACKGROUND While elevated levels of estradiol were predictive of mortality in critically ill surgical and trauma patients, their ability to predict outcome in nonsurgical patients has not been studied. We aimed to study the determinants of gonadotropin levels in acutely ill postmenopausal women with nonsurgical disease and the impact of changes in the gonadal axis on the outcome of these patien...

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to determine the early outcomes of using extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in near-drowning patients with cardiac or pulmonary failure. METHODS This study was based on data from 9 patients including 2 children (mean age 33; 8 males, 1 female) who received ECMO after near-drowning between 2008 and 2013. Veno-arterial or veno-arteriovenous ECMO was ...

INTRODUCTION Patients with septic shock require fluid, but the optimum amount is unknown. Therefore we assessed patient characteristics and outcome associated with fluid volume in unselected patients with septic shock including those with three days of shock. METHODS We conducted a prospective, multicenter, observational study of all adult patients with septic shock during a 3-month study per...

BACKGROUND Mortality prediction is important in intensive care. The Simplified Acute Physiology Score (SAPS) II is a tool for predicting such mortality. However, the original SAPS II is poorly calibrated to current intensive care unit (ICU) populations because it draws on data, which is more than 20 years old. We aimed to improve the calibration of SAPS II using data from the Norwegian Intensiv...

Severity of pancreatitis is an important consideration for ED clinicians making admission judgments. The early identification of severe AP is important for the management and for improving outcomes. Validated scoring systems can be a helpful tool in this process. A multitude of predictive models has been developed to predict the severity of AP based on clinical, laboratory, and radiologic risk ...

INTRODUCTION Development of acute kidney injury (AKI) during the perioperative period is associated with increases in morbidity and mortality. Our aim was to evaluate the incidence and determinants of postoperative AKI after major noncardiac surgery in patients with previously normal renal function. METHODS This retrospective cohort study was carried out in the multidisciplinary Post-Anaesthe...

BACKGROUND Current critical care prognostic models are predominantly developed in high-income countries (HICs) and may not be feasible in intensive care units (ICUs) in lower- and middle-income countries (LMICs). Existing prognostic models cannot be applied without validation in LMICs as the different disease profiles, resource availability, and heterogeneity of the population may limit the tra...

The type 2 coronavirus causes severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS-CoV-2) and produces pneumonia with pulmonary alveolar collapse. In some cases it also sepsis septic shock. There is no specific treatment for disease 2019 (COVID-19). Vitamin C (Vit C), E E), N-acetylcysteine (NAC) Melatonin (MT) increase the intracellular content of GSH, kidnap free radicals protect DNA, proteins in cytosol ...