Chloroflexus aurantiacus J-10-f1 is an anoxygenic, photosynthetic, facultative autotrophic gram negative bacterium found from hot spring at a temperature range of 50-60°C. It can sustain itself in dark only if oxygen is available thereby exhibiting a dark orange color, however display a dark green color when grown in sunlight. Genome of the organism contains total of 3853 proteins out ...

Dendritic cells (DCs) can be sub-divided into various subsets that play specialized roles in priming of adaptive immune responses. Atherosclerosis is regarded as a chronic inflammatory disease of the vessel wall and DCs can be found in non-inflamed and diseased arteries. We here performed a systematic analyses of DCs subsets during atherogenesis. Our data indicate that distinct DC subsets can b...

Whereas cytokine-induced tyrosine phosphorylation of STAT (signal transducer and activator of transcription) proteins by JAK kinases has been well studied, much less is known about STAT-specific serine kinases and their signal-dependent regulation. The paper by Joanna Bancerek and colleagues published recently in Immunity reports that upon interferon-γ (IFNγ) stimulation of cells the chromatin-...

Molecular tools of the intracellular protozoan pathogens Apicomplexa and Kinetoplastida for manipulation of host cell machinery have been the focus of investigation for approximately two decades. Microsporidia, fungi-related microorganisms forming another large group of obligate intracellular parasites, are characterized by development in direct contact with host cytoplasm (the majority of spec...

rho-kinase is an effector molecule of rhoa, a monomeric gtp-binding protein, and causes ca2+ sensitization through inactivation of myosin phosphatase. the major physiological functions of rho/rho-kinase cascade include contraction, proliferation and migration in cells.there are some excellent reviews about rho/rho-kinase signal pathway, most of which focus on the specific proteins of the pathwa...

In this paper, the concept of Worm Poisoning and PoisonWorm are presented and the feasibility of Worm Poisoning is testified. A propagation model named SIRP Model and PoisonWorm’s side-effect on network traffic are given and compared with the classical epidemic Kermack-Mckendrick model. The feasibility and necessity of PoisonWorm and its application are highlighted in active defense system agai...

In response to starvation, Myxococcus xanthus initiates a developmental program that results in the formation of spore-filled, multicellular fruiting bodies. Many developmentally regulated genes in M. xanthus are transcribed from sigma(54) promoters, and these genes require enhancer-binding proteins. Here we report the finding of an unusual group of 12 genes encoding sigma(54)-dependent enhance...

Many if not most proteins can, under certain conditions, change cellular compartments, such as, for example, shuttling from the cytoplasm to the nucleus. Thus, many proteins may exert functions in various and very different subcellular locations, depending on the signaling context. A large amount of actin regulatory proteins has been detected in the mammalian cell nucleus, although their potent...