When to do macular laser The threshold for macular laser is usually clinically significant macular oedema (CSMO) as defined in the Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study (ETDRS). CSMO is any retinal thickening (oedema) and/or exudates within 500 microns (1⁄3 disc diameter) of the centre of the fovea; or oedema greater than 1 disc area within 1 disc diameter of the foveal centre – includi...

The measurement and characterisation of multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channels has gained increasing attention over recent years. Previous analysis of MIMO measurements has generally focussed on the evaluation of the capacity of such systems in differing locations and configurations. In this paper we present measurements made in an indoor environment at 5.2GHz, specifically to investiga...

S udden loss of sight is a life-changing event that changes the patient's view of the world and how they perceive themselves and others. In this article we will consider the emotional and psychological impact of those affected by sudden and irreversible sight loss. It is recognised that people affected by sight loss will understandably experience very strong and at times over whelming feelings ...

Microtubules are intrinsically polar structures. A consequence of this polarity is that the two ends of the microtubule polymer exhibit different properties. The more dynamic plus ends and the mechanisms that regulate their behavior have been the focus of much recent attention. Here, we concentrate on the dynamics and regulation of minus ends, which play distinct but equally critical roles in m...

The paper introduces a class of games in extensive form where players take strategic decisions while not having access to the terminal histories of the game, hence being unable to solve it by standard backward induction. This class of games is studied along two directions: first, by providing an appropriate refinement of the subgame perfect equilibrium concept, a corresponding extension of the ...

We searched for evidence of soft X-ray absorption by hot gas in the vicinity of the Galaxy in a small sample of fifteen type I AGN observed with the high resolution X-ray gratings on board Chandra. We find that around half of the sight lines in our sample exhibit absorption due to local Hor He-like Oxygen (or both) at confidence levels ranging from> 90% to > 3σ. Depending on the sight line, the...

The next challenge for MIMO radio channel models is to simulate the time-variant nature of the channel correctly. Cluster-based MIMO channel models are well suited for this problem, however they currently lack an accurate parameterization of the time-variant cluster parameters. In this paper we identify and track clusters from three different measurements conducted in an indoor, a sub-urban, an...

Laser range-gated imaging systems can obtain images of targets hidden around the corner, with an intermediary reflective surface with certain specular reflection characteristics. This imaging mode is called nonline-of-sight imaging. This paper describes a simulation of the target signal illuminance and disturbance radiation on the photosensitive surface of a non-line-of-sight imaging system bas...

In this paper we described a new technique for measuring a distance to the front vehicle using stereo images. Only vehicles traveling in the driver's lane need to be detected. Thus the driver's lane is determined as the processing region in the images. Usually detecting lane markers does this. However, when the front vehicle appears in the near sight, it is not necessary to detect lane markers ...