A sieve is a technique for bounding the size of a set after the elements with “undesirable properties” (usually of a number theoretic nature) have been removed. The undesirable properties could be divisibility by a prime from a given set, other multiplicative constraints (divisibility by a perfect square for example) or inclusion in a set of residue classes. The methods usually involve some kin...

1 Basic inequality For any real numbers ρ d satisfying ρ 1 = 1, and for any natural number m, we have d|m µ(d) d|m ρ d 2 = e|m λ e , λ e = [d 1 ,d 2 ]=e ρ d 1 ρ d 2. Our goal is to optimize the choice of (ρ d) d1. Let m = (n, P (z)), multiply by a n and sum over n using (g): say. Minimizing XG + R is quite difficult. However, if we restrict the support of ρ to d √ D, it is relatively easy to mi...

This paper first establishes the asymptotic normality of plug-in sieve M estimators of possibly irregular functionals of semi-nonparametric time series models. We show that, even when the sieve score process is not a martingale difference, the asymptotic variances of plug-in sieve M estimators of irregular (i.e., slower than root-T estimable) functionals are the same as those for independent da...

Although the enucleate conducting cells of the phloem are incapable of protein synthesis, phloem exudates characteristically contain low concentrations of soluble proteins. The role of these proteins and their movement into and out of the sieve tubes poses important questions for phloem physiology and for cell-to-cell protein movement via plasmodesmata. The occurrence of protein turnover in sie...

The sieve method is a classic one in number theory (see, for example, [FI]). Recently it found some applications in a non-commutative setting. On the one hand, Bourgain-Gamburd-Sarnak [BGS1] applied it in studying almost-prime vectors in orbits of non-commutative groups acting on Z. On the other hand, Rivin [Ri] and Kowalski [Ko] used it to study generic properties of elements in the mapping cl...

Biofacies and lithofacies analysis of one hundred ninety-two (192) ditch cutting rock samples from well x, onshore Niger Delta was carried out for the purpose paleoenvironmental reconstruction succession. The objectives were to identify units species foraminifera use both quantitave qualitative foraminiferal assemblage recognise benthonic biofacies integrate results delineation paleobathymetric...