The fate of the major outer membrane protein of the gonococcus, RIB, during the adherence, entry, and intracellular processing ofthe bacteria in infected epithelial cells was investigated using post-embedding immunoelectron microscopy. Various domains ofthe RIB molecule were probed at different stages in the infection. These studies revealed that RIB epitope exposure remained unaltered during t...

Background: Sickle cell anemia is relatively common in Khuzestan province located in Southwest Iran. The characteristics of sickle cell disease in Iran are apparently different from other regions some of these characteristics might be related to β-chain haplotypes. The purpose of this study was to determine the frequency of β-chain haplotypes in 50 patients with homozygous sickle cell anemia in...

Background: A low level of L-glutamine, a precursor of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD) in red blood cells (RBCs), is identified as an underlying mechanism for the potential decrement of the NAD redox and the incidence of pain crisis in sickle cell anemia (SCA). The aim of this study is to assess the impact of oral L-glutamine therapy on pain crisis reduction in patients with SCA and sic...

BACKGROUND Intramedullary fixation of rib fractures with generic Kirschner wires has been practiced for over 50 years. However, this technique has not been advanced to address reported complications of wire migration and cut-out. This biomechanical study evaluated a novel rib splint designed to replicate the less-invasive fixation approach of Kirschner wires while mitigating their associated co...

Simple radiography is the best diagnostic tool for rib fractures caused by chest trauma, but it has some limitations. Thus, other tools are also being used. The aims of this study were to investigate the effectiveness of ultrasonography (US) for identifying rib fractures and to identify influencing factors of its effectiveness. Between October 2003 and August 2007, 201 patients with blunt chest...

AIMS To compare several different instruments used to open the chest wall during necropsy and to assess whether any one type reduced the production of sharp rib ends and thus the potential for receiving an injury. METHODS During the necropsy the pathologist opened the chest wall using two randomly assigned instruments from a selection of hand saw, electric saw, rib shears, and bread knife. Th...

the effects of rib cage compression on spo2 yosefnia darzi f , hasavari f* , khaleghdost t , kazemnezhad e , hoseini j received: 5 sep , 2013 accepted: 31 oct , 2013 abstract background & aims: accumulation of secretions in airways is a serious complication in intubated and mechanically ventilated patients. tracheal suctioning which is done with the aim of the secretion removal, can be used in ...

ABSTRACT A Case Control Study: The Psychosocial Functioning and Academic Achievement in Siblings with and without Sickle Cell Disease Lisa Thaniel, MSW Phyllis Solomon, Ph.D. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the psychosocial functioning and academic achievement in siblings with and without sickle cell disease. Methods: Using convenience sampling, we recruited (N=133) 45 siblings ...

Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients often show asynchronous movement of the lower rib cage during spontaneous quiet breathing and exercise. We speculated that varying body position from seated to supine would influence rib cage asynchrony by changing the configuration of the respiratory muscles. Twenty-three severe COPD patients (forced expiratory volume in 1 s = 32.5 ± 7.0% p...

INTRODUCTION Rib fractures are a common injury presenting to major trauma centres and community hospitals. Aside from the acute impact of rib fracture injury, longer-term morbidity of pain, disability and deformity have been described. Despite this, the mainstay of management for the vast majority of rib fracture injuries remains supportive only with analgesia and where required respiratory sup...