This paper presents a modified digital image watermarking method based on nonnegative matrix factorization. Firstly, host image is factorized to the product of three nonnegative matrices. Then, the centric matrix is transferred to discrete cosine transform domain. Watermark is embedded in low frequency band of this matrix and next, the reverse of the transform is computed. Finally, watermarked ...

the aim of this paper is to introduce $(l,m)$-fuzzy closurestructure where $l$ and $m$ are strictly two-sided, commutativequantales. firstly, we define $(l,m)$-fuzzy closure spaces and getsome relations between $(l,m)$-double fuzzy topological spaces and$(l,m)$-fuzzy closure spaces. then, we introduce initial$(l,m)$-fuzzy closure structures and we prove that the category$(l,m)$-{bf fc} of $(l,m...

over the last decade, coinciding with the growth of information and communication technologies, globalization expansion and consequently increased awareness of citizens, communities’ dissatisfactions over the lack of accountability, lack of transparency and centralized government structure is leading to the emergence of the new approach called e-governance. e-governance, against e-government by...

Dans ce travail, on pr~sente une m6thode d'apprentissage permettant partir d'un texte donne de constituer une syntaxe capable de lever les ambiguit& grammaticales du langage. Pour cela, on prend un texte T que ron code enti~rement en asso-ciant ~t chaque mot une cat~gorie grammaticale, celle qu'il a dans le texte.

In this work firstly MgFe2O4 nanoparticles were synthesized via a microwave-assisted method. The product was calcinated at 900 ºC for 2h. At the second step zinc oxide shell was synthesized on the ferrite under ultrasonic waves. Properties of the product were examined by X-ray diffraction pattern (XRD), scanning electron microscope (SEM) and Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy. Vibr...