In this paper, an overview on sewage sludge characteristics and recovery routes is presented. Starting from an analysis of typical sewage sludge characteristics as found in literature, the most promising disposal options are presented. A focus on incinerated sewage sludge ash (ISSA) follows. Most of the authors agree on considering pyrolysis and gasification as the most viable treatments for sl...

BACKGROUND The attention placed on cruise ship infectious epidemics has helped create important preventive strategies in improving food handling, sanitation, and overall cruise ship medical care. However, the incidence of serious injury in cruise ship passengers has never been fully described. In 2006, there was an increase in the number of cruise ship passengers receiving medical care at a Lev...

This paper presents a new simulation model for long-term optimization of channel depths in which the risk of ship grounding due to wave impacts can be considered for every ship transit. This new model includes four main components: (1) an exponential probability law for a number of ship departures; (2) a parametric model of the wave-induced ship motions; (3) modeling effects of tidal variations...

The activation of Fli-1, an Ets transcription factor, is the critical genetic event in Friend murine leukemia virus (F-MuLV)-induced erythroleukemia. Fli-1 overexpression leads to erythropoietin-dependent erythroblast proliferation, enhanced survival, and inhibition of terminal differentiation, through activation of the Ras pathway. However, the mechanism by which Fli-1 activates this signal tr...

Underwater radiated noise measurements for seven types of modern commercial ships during normal operating conditions are presented. Calibrated acoustic data (<1000 Hz) from an autonomous seafloor-mounted acoustic recorder were combined with ship passage information from the Automatic Identification System. This approach allowed for detailed measurements (i.e., source level, sound exposure level...

Although biological treatment of sewage by activated sludge or trickling filters is widely practiced, these processes still give rise to difficulties. The difficulties may be due to sludge bulking during the activated sludge process or to clogging during the operation of trickling filters. In his studies of biofilters and standard filters, H. Heukelekian (Sewage Works J. 17:23, 516, and 743, 19...

Effect of sewage sludge in vitro to suppress Phytophthora nicotianae Soil organic matter amendments may provide an alternative management practice for soil diseases caused by Phytophthora spp. In this paper we have evaluated the effectiveness of residential sewage sludge to suppress P. nicotianae under laboratory conditions. The effect of sewage sludge on P. nicotianae survival was evaluated by...

Previously, we showed that 2B4 is a dominant inhibitory receptor in SHIP-deficient NK cells that prevents efficient cytolysis of complex targets. We show in this study that 2B4 deficiency restores homeostatic control and cytolytic function to SHIP-deficient NK cells. However, 2B4(-/-)SHIP(-/-) NK cells still exhibit a profound disruption of their NK receptor repertoire and are compromised for i...

Although the inositol phosphatase SHIP-1 is generally thought to inhibit signaling for Fc receptor-mediated phagocytosis, the product of its activity, phosphatidylinositol 3,4 bisphosphate (PI(3,4)P(2)), has been implicated in activation of the NADPH oxidase. This suggests that SHIP-1 positively regulates the generation of reactive oxygen species after phagocytosis. To examine how SHIP-1 activi...

The purpose of this paper is to study very early retirement as an indicator for poor health, with focus on a comparison between the two language groups in Finland. Extensive longitudinal data are analysed with the help of random effects probit models. As expected from previous studies of mortality differences, the rate of retirement is lower among Swedish-speakers than among Finnish-speakers, a...