In this thesis, we study the relationship between size and depth for Boolean circuits. Over four decades, very few results were obtained for either special or general Boolean circuits since Spira gave the first related result. Spira showed in 1971 that any Boolean formula of size s can be simulated in depth O(log s). (A Boolean formula is a tree-like circuit, that is the fan-out of every gate i...

Additive integration of 3D electrical circuits with off-the-shelf electronic devices inside printed polymer parts, i.e., structural electronics, can enable new paradigms in miniaturized multifunctional structures. This paper investigates a hybrid printing process called Flash Light Assisted Manufacturing Electronics (FLAME) which integrates Fused Filament Fabrication (FFF) polymers and Intense ...

This work presents the Fast Simulated Annealing method for the design of self-shielded gradient coils with biplanar geometry. This method is based on the stochastic optimization of parameterized stream functions, which can be modeled by a few free parameters and can be used for coil designs with different (a) size or (b) number of turns. Gradient coils designed by this method produce magnetic f...

The health effects of radiation exposure from the atomic bomb fallout remain unclear. The objective of the present study is to elucidate the association between low-dose radiation exposure from the atomic bomb fallout and cancer mortality among Nagasaki atomic bomb survivors. Of 77 884 members in the Nagasaki University Atomic Bomb Survivors Cohort, 610 residents in the terrain-shielded area wi...

We examined the dose from mTc contained in syringes and shielded vials to assess in detail the dose burdens in a central pharmacy. Methods: Absorbed-dose rates at the end of the plunger of a shielded syringe, when mTc is contained either in the syringe or in a shielded vial from which the activity would be drawn, were measured with CaF2 dosimeters. The dose rates also were calculated with a Mon...