This paper aims to explain dharar as a reason for divorce in the legislation of five Muslim countries, namely Indonesia, Bahrain, Sudan, Qatar, and Morocco. The countries were chosen with consideration representing Sunni Islamic School one Shia School. approach used is normative combined comparative method law. Primary legal materials are acts other relevant topic discussion. results show that ...

Ayatollah Yusef Sanei was a prominent contemporary Shia scholar whose particular methodological approach led him to issue some of the most progressive fatwas on subject women’s rights. However, ideas he expressed in last decades his life have scarcely been addressed English language scholarship. This article explores Sanei’s broader jurisprudential and how applied it analyzing often challenging...

In Escherichia coli, the small regulatory noncoding RNA (sRNA) RyhB and the global ferric uptake regulator (Fur) mediate iron acquisition and storage control. Iron is both essential and potentially toxic for most living organisms, making the precise maintenance of iron homeostasis necessary for survival. While the roles of these regulators in iron homeostasis have been well studied in a nonpath...

according to civil law and shia fiqh, unauthorization is a phenomenon involved in various contracts including marriage. studies on unauthorized transactions tried to reveal the conditions of authorization, principal and authorized marriage so that principal plays no role here or is influenced. fiqh and law textbooks indicate that role of principal's intention fades gradually and are largel...

the prophet muhammad`s (pbuh) life has always been of great interest especially to the muslim scholars. there have, however, been some discrepancies in their accounts of the prophet`s life depending on these scholars religious orientations, principles, criteria, methodology, styles, motives, and purposes. one of the books in this area is, al sahih men sirat nabavi, the writer, elaborating on th...