Emerging diseases are increasing in incidence; therefore, understanding how pathogens are introduced into new regions and cause epidemics is of importance for the development of strategies that may hinder their spread. We used molecular data to study how a vector-borne banana virus, Banana bunchy top virus (BBTV), spread in Hawaii after it was first detected in 1989. Our analyses suggest that B...

The depth average module of NASIR finite volume solver was applied to study the tide induced currents in Khowr-e-Musa estuary. The model computes water level variation and velocity components in horizontal plane solving depth average continuity and momentum equations considering the hydrostatic pressure distribution. The software takes into account the bed and wall geometric complexities and re...

Huge amount of different types of information is being posted on the web on daily basis. There are available tools to enable users to search for this vast amount of information. Figure 1 provides the different types of web information. Certain types of web information need to verify its correctness once posted on the web (i.e. the information has a reference that cannot be tampered with or chan...

The first generation of Biomphalaria snails collected from five Egyptian governorates (Giza, Fayoum, Kafr El-Sheikh, Ismailia and Damietta) were subjected to species-specific PCR assays and the results showed that snails collected from the field were B. alexandrina, and there was no evidence for the presence of B. glabrata. The snails were subjected also to RAPD-PCR technique. The results showe...

In the present paper phylogenetic relationships of Muslim populations of Manipur and its genetic relations with Meitei and Naga tribe based on the morphogenetic traits have been attempted. Till date, no biological research has been reported regarding their phylogeny. Muslims with different castes shows differences in the distribution of these morpho-genetic traits, showing differences of ancest...

sheikh murtaza ansārai is regarded as one of the greatest imamite jurists, and one of the prominent scholarly and juristic figures of the last centuries. his proficiency, originality and gumption are evident in his surviving works regarding problems in principles (usūl) and traditional-demonstrative jurisprudence. his precious researches on “investigation and criticism of chain of transmission ...

Human decision-making plays a critical and challenging role in the prevention control of public bads within socio-ecological systems. Farmers daily confront dilemmas regarding bad management, such as infectious diseases their crops. Their decisions interplay with multiple factors may create risk conditions which can occur (e.g., disease outbreak). This article presents an experimental board gam...