Tissues including liver stiffen and acquire more extracellular matrix with fibrosis. The relationship between matrix content and stiffness, however, is non-linear, and stiffness is only one component of tissue mechanics. The mechanical response of tissues such as liver to physiological stresses is not well described, and models of tissue mechanics are limited. To better understand the mechanics...

Interfacial shear stress transfer of a monolayer graphene on top of a polymer substrate subjected to uniaxial tension was investigated by a cohesive zone model integrated with a shear-lag model. Strain distribution in the graphene flake was found to behave in three stages in general, bonded, damaged, and debonded, as a result of the interfacial stress transfer. By fitting the cohesive-shear-lag...

Peripheral nerves are exposed to mechanical stress during movement. However the in vivo mechanical properties of nerves remain largely unexplored. The primary aim of this study was to characterize the effect of passive dorsiflexion on sciatic nerve shear wave velocity (an index of stiffness) when the knee was in 90° flexion (knee 90°) or extended (knee 180°). The secondary aim was to determine ...

STUDY DESIGN Nondestructive displacement-controlled dynamic testing of cadaver material, with repeated measures design and randomized sequence of tests. OBJECTIVE To determine whether the frequency-dependent changes in disc stiffness and phase angle between load and displacement differ between the 6 principal directions of displacement, and whether these differences are greater in deformation...

The outer surface layers of the sun show a clear deceleration at low latitudes. This is generally thought to be the result of a strong dominance of vertical turbulent motions associated with strong downdrafts. This strong negative radial shear should not only contribute to amplifying the toroidal field locally and to expelling magnetic helicity, but it may also be responsible for producing a st...

Motivated by the interface model for the solar dynamo, this paper explores the complex magnetohydrodynamic interactions between convective flows and shear-driven instabilities. Initially, we consider the dynamics of a forced shear flow across a convectivelystable polytropic layer, in the presence of a vertical magnetic field. When the imposed magnetic field is weak, the dynamics are dominated b...

0167-6636/$ see front matter 2009 Elsevier Ltd doi:10.1016/j.mechmat.2009.11.006 * Corresponding author. Tel.: +41 21 693 4848; fa E-mail address: [email protected] (Y. Leterrie The present work investigates the saturation damage state of a two-layer coating on a substrate (layer 1/layer 2/substrate) under uniaxial tensile loading in order to derive expressions for the interfacial strength...

BACKGROUND The physical characteristics of bandage kits, in which different materials are combined, cannot be predicted by laboratory tests. They can only be assessed in vivo by measuring the interface pressure and calculation of stiffness. OBJECTIVE The objective was to investigate pressure and stiffness of some widely used multicomponent, multilayer bandages and to investigate the effect of...

A numerical investigation of the effects of nanosecond barrier discharge on the stability of a two-dimensional free shear layer is performed. The computations are carried out using a compressible Navier-Stokes algorithm coupled with a thermodynamic model of the discharge. The results show that significant increases in the shear layer’s momentum thickness and Reynolds stresses occur due to actua...