In contrast to guilt based reciprocity, which hypothesizes that reciprocity is an increasing function of the 2 order expectation of trustor’s expectation for reciprocation, we test for reciprocity which is a decreasing function of trustees 2 order expectations, i.e., that people can reciprocate out of gratitude. To unambiguously decrease 2 order expectations in our treatment, we broke up a stan...

This paper studies several variants of 2 × 2 games with unique mixed strategy equilibria, which we call asymmetric matching pennies games. In experimental studies of behavior in these games, observed choice frequencies are typically much different from the mixed strategy Nash predictions. This paper reports experimental results for a variety of such games, and shows that a structural econometri...

Inequality Aversion and Risk Attitudes Using self reported measures of life satisfaction and risk attitudes, we empirically test whether there is a relationship between individuals inequality and risk aversion. The empirical analysis uses the German SOEP household panel for the years 1997 to 2007 to conclude that the negative effect of inequality measured by the sample gini coefficient by year ...

Background and Aim: In 2020 the rank of Iran in happiness index and gender inequality were reported to be rather low, they being, among 153 countries, 118 and 113, respectively. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between gender inequality and happiness in Iran's provinces. Materials and Methods: This ecological study was conducted based on secondary analysis of data on happiness ...

Hermite-Hadamard inequality is one of the fundamental applications of convex functions in Theory of Inequality. In this paper, Hermite-Hadamard inequalities for $mathbb{B}$-convex and $mathbb{B}^{-1}$-convex functions are proven.

    This paper aims to focus on inclusive growth and its impact on multidimensional poverty and inequality in Iran's provinces on the basis of social mobility index. The results suggest, that although the multi-dimensional poverty has decreased, participation of active labor force has a decisive role in inclusive growth and reduction of absolute multi-dimensional poverty of the provinces. But l...

Inequality of educational opportunities underlies the reproduction of social inequalities and deepens the gap of classes. The origin of the class can be one of the effective factors involved in. The aim of this paper is the study of the impact of family background on inequality of educational opportunities among students. We used the survey method and a questionnaire. We collected needed inform...

International Perspectives on Sexual and Reproductive Health 106 en, compared with 4% of ladinas, considered the ideal number of children to be “as many as God wants.” The tendency of indigenous Guatemalan women to avoid modern medical care has been reinforced by ladinos’ ongoing discrimination against indigenous people. Such discrimination was manifested in the often brutal treatment that indi...