PURPOSE Although there have been several studies of reduced airway space after mandibular setback surgery using the sagittal split ramus osteotomy technique, research on the risk factors for changes of the airway space is lacking. Therefore, this study was performed to examine airway changes and the position of the hyoid bone after orthognathic surgery, and to assess possible risk factors. ME...

[Purpose] This study researched the effects of different types of high heels on the muscles surrounding the cervical spine, the thoracic spine, and the lumbar spine by analyzing muscle activation of the paraspinal muscles during standing while wearing high heels. The high heels were all of the same height: 8 cm. [Subjects and Methods] The 28 subjects in this experiment were females in their 20s...

So-called ‘smart thermostats’ are beginning to fill the gap left in efficiency programs after researchers and policy makers discovered that in practice, simple programmable thermostats do not guarantee energy savings. As a result, EPA ended EnergyStar certification of programmable thermostats in 2010. Many recent pilots for communicating thermostats, occupancy-responsive thermostats, and adapti...

Partial substituting wheat with high-quality cassava flour (HQCF) in bread making would be economically beneficial Tanzania. However, varieties the best pasting quality for this use are unknown. In addition, appropriate time of harvesting to attain is also This study, therefore, aimed at identifying most and their that could used production HQCF baking bread. Nine improved namely Kiroba, Mkuran...