*Epidemic Intelligence Service, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, United States of America, Puerto Rico Department of Health, San Juan, Puerto Rico; †Division of Violence Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, San Juan, Puerto Rico; ‡Puerto Rico Department of Health; §School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico Medical Sciences Campus, San Juan, Pu...

Society is becoming more accustomed to toll-free numbers as an efficient way to request and receive services in all aspects of their lives. While a move can be observed to eliminate humans as handlers of most rudimentary customer requests, responding to telephone calls remains a top priority in customer service. Call centers are either managed in-house or contracted out and provide a variety of...

The ever-increasing demand for web applications deployed across multiple data centers results in large electricity costs for service providers and significant impact on the environment. This has motivated service providers to move towards more sustainable data centers powered by renewable or green sources of energy, such as solar or wind. However, efficient utilization of green energy to servic...

In 1965-70 the government agency, Statskontoret, set up five university computing centers, as service bureaux financed by grants earmarked for computer use. The centers were well equipped and staffed and caused a surge in computer use. When the yearly flow of grant money stagnated at 25 million Swedish crowns, the centers had to find external income to survive and acquire time-sharing. But the ...

Nowadays, power consumption of data centers has huge impacts on environments. Researchers are seeking to find effective solutions to make data centers reduce power consumption while keep the desired quality of service or service level objectives. Virtual Machine (VM) technology has been widely applied in data center environments due to its seminal features, including reliability, flexibility, a...

This study aims to develop a multi-period distribution system design model that provides an integrated view of the various costs, service quality and budget concerns within the planning horizon, as well as computationally feasible methods for obtaining solutions in realistic situations. The key design decisions considered in each period are: the number and location of distribution centers in t...

PURPOSE We examined the geographic distribution of patients to better understand the service area of the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center at Johns Hopkins, a designated National Cancer Institute (NCI) comprehensive cancer center located in an urban center. Like most NCI cancer centers, the Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center serves a population beyond city limits. Urban cancer ce...

Virtual Machine (VM) Consolidation contributed a lot in energy efficient computing in the cloud data centers. Virtualization played a great role in virtual machine consolidation by facilitating the live VMs to be migrated resulting in packing the maximum number of VMs in minimum possible physical hosts .Energy efficient computing is not only good for reducing the overall operational cost of the...

In this work we face the problem of locating new services in urban areas. Given a digraph whose nodes represent urban zones and arcs are the flow connections between them, we have to decide in which node new service centers can be optimally located on the basis on the evaluation of the efficiency of other centers that have been previously located in different nodes. We first derive the main par...