The advent of modern antimicrobial therapy following the discovery of penicillin during the 1940s yielded remarkable improvements in case fatality rate of serious infections including septic shock. Since then, pathogens have continuously evolved under selective antimicrobial pressure resulting in a lack of significant improvement in clinical effectiveness in the antimicrobial therapy of septic ...

Evidence from a recent study indicates that glucocorticoids (GCs) mediate skeletal muscle proteolysis during sepsis via the GC receptor (GR) pathway. Attempts to identify the mechanisms regulating GR gene expression in skeletal muscle during sepsis have been hampered by the lack of an appropriate in vitro model system that can mimic in vivo septic conditions. In the present study, we report tha...

For a long time, acute kidney injury (AKI) was considered to be a primarily hemodynamic condition characterized by a reduction of renal blood flow, induced by either cardiogenic or distributive (septic) shock. Consequently, all efforts to treat AKI were essentially concentrated on increasing renal flow by enhancing cardiac flow output and perfusion pressure. At the beginning of this decade, Bel...

Sepsis, along with the multiorgan failure that often accompanies the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS), is a leading cause of mortality in the intensive care unit. As many as 700,000 patients develop sepsis annually in the United States. Nearly half of these patients manifest severe sepsis and septic shock. The mortality for septic shock remains approximately 35% to 45%, despite a ...

OBJECTIVE To review the metabolic effects of sympathomimetic agents in the septic patient. DATA SOURCES A review of articles reported on the metabolic effects of the commonly used sympatho-mimetic agents in the critically ill patient. SUMMARY OF REVIEW Sepsis and septic shock are clinically charcterized mainly by derangements of cardiocirculatory function. Mainstay therapeutic interventions...

OBJECTIVE To study the incidence of septic abortion, reasons for that, sociodemographic profile, abortion providers, complications faced, and treatment given and its outcome. METHODS All the women with septic abortion admitted at Government Maternity Hospital, Tirupathi, over a period of 2 years 4 months duration from July 2007 to October 2009 were studied prospectively. OBSERVATIONS AND RE...

We previously generated genome-wide expression data (microarray) from children with septic shock having the potential to lead the field into novel areas of investigation. Herein we seek to validate our data through a bioinformatic approach centered on a validation patient cohort. Forty-two children with a clinical diagnosis of septic shock and 15 normal controls served as the training data set,...

UNLABELLED Despite emergence of early goal directed therapy, septic shock still carries a high mortality. Gram negative septicemia is notorious for rapid deterioration due to endotoxin release. Multi-organ damage due to septic shock carries poor prognosis, and such patients should be managed aggressively with multidisciplinary approach. We present a fatal case of a patient with gram negative se...

Septic shock and multiple organ failure may be associated with coagulation activation, disseminated fibrin formation, and consumption of coagulation inhibitors such as antithrombin 111. We have evaluated prospectively coagulation measurements in patients with severe chemotherapy-induced neutropenia. This group of patients was chosen because of their high risk of developing severe septic cornpli...

Despite intensive study of acute septic arthritis in infancy and childhood, poor outcomes continue to occur. Failures are often due to delayed diagnosis and inadequate therapy, but can be due to factors beyond physicians' control such as associated osteomyelitis and occurrence during infancy. Recent advances in the understanding and management of septic arthritis include: (1) demonstration of b...