Listening effort is a valuable and important notion to measure because it among the primary complaints of people with hearing loss. It tempting intuitive accept speech intelligibility scores as proxy for listening effort, but this link likely oversimplified lacks actionable explanatory power. This study was conducted explain mechanisms that are not captured by scores, using sentence-repetition ...

This research aims to determine the strategy for learning sentence structure Arabic language (tarkib) in Madrasah. The method used this is a qualitative approach with type of library research, or series studies related data collection methods, whose objects are explored through various information form books, encyclopedias, scientific journals, newspapers, magazines, and documents. In discussio...

BACKGROUND Although it is widely recognized that substantial heterogeneity exists in the cognitive profiles of children with Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD), very little is known about the language skills of this group. AIMS To compare the language abilities of children with DCD with a group whose language impairment has been well described: children with Specific Language Impairmen...

This research aims to describe the language style used and meanings contained in coffee tea advertisement on mass media. Researchers chose media as object of research. The method this was descriptive qualitative. data collection technique observation notetaking. collected were categorized according type then analyzed one by using theory semantic theory. results found 27 containing styles, consi...

1 Introduction Usage-based theories of grammar suggest that constituent structure emerges in part from co-occurrence: items used together fuse together forming cohesive, hard-to-interrupt units (Bybee 2002, see also Gregory et al. 1999, Kapatsinski 2010, Stefanowitsch & Gries 2003). This study is an effort to investigate the effects of co-occurrence on constituent structure in language producti...

The present study examined acoustic cue utilisation for perception of vocal emotions. Two sets of vocal-emotional stimuli were presented to 35 German and 30 American listeners: (1) sentences in German spoken with five different vocal emotions; and (2) systematically rateor pitch-altered versions of the original emotional stimuli. In addition to response frequencies on emotional categories, acti...

This study investigates how Mandarin Chinese speaking children and adults use prosody to mark focus in spontaneous speech. SVO sentences were elicited from 4and 8-year-olds and adults in a game setting. Sentence-medial verbs were acoustically analysed for both duration and pitch range in different focus conditions. We have found that like the adults, the 8-year-olds used both duration and pitch...

This paper describes a technique for synthesizing synchronized lip movements from auditory input speech signal. The technique is based on an algorithm for parameter generation from HMM with dynamic features, which has been successfully applied to text-to-speech synthesis. Audio-visual speech unit HMMs, namely, syllable HMMs are trained with parameter vector sequences that represent both auditor...