The first quantitative agreement between measured and calculated stiffnesses of optically trapped particles in the subwavelength regime is presented. It is shown for all three dimensions that the measured extent of harmonic optical trapping potentials for dielectric spheres comes very close to the theoretically predicted extent, provided all known instrumental parameters are considered. The rec...

We theoretically and numerically studied ordering of "colloidal ionic clusters" on periodic substrate potentials such as those generated by optical trapping. Each cluster consists of three charged spherical colloids: two negatively and one positively charged. The substrate is a square or rectangular array of traps, each confining one such cluster. By varying the lattice constant from large to s...

It has long been posited that detectability of sensory inputs can be sacrificed in favor of improved discriminability and that sensory adaptation may mediate this trade-off. The extent to which this trade-off exists behaviorally and the complete picture of the underlying neural representations that likely subserve the phenomenon remain unclear. In the rodent vibrissa system, an ideal observer a...

The concept of ontogenetic niche is used here to interpret how species-typical behaviors develop through active, context-dependent processes. Ontogenetic niches typically include social stimuli, such as those arising from parents, siblings, and others that provide ‘nurturing’ in the form of resources, stimulation, and affordances for development. This approach is a useful alternative to wrestli...

The “eigenvoice” technique achieves rapid speaker adaptation by employing prior knowledge of speaker space obtained from reference speakers to place strong constraints on the initial model for each new speaker [9,10]. It has recently been shown to yield very fast adaptation for a large-vocabulary system [3] ([5] modifies the technique in an interesting way). In this paper, we describe a new way...

We propose a new robust estimation method based on random projections that is adaptive and, automatically produces a robust estimate, while enabling easy computations for high or infinite dimensional data. Under some restricted contamination models, the procedure is robust and attains full efficiency. We tested the method using both simulated and real data.

Let us call such words relational words and let us, following linguistic custom, call the unexpressed relata implicit arguments. The phenomenon, under various names, has been the object of study since the inception of generative linguistics. Building on the observations of Charles Fillmore (1986), Barbara Partee (1989), David Dowty (1982), Kent Bach (1994) and others, I shall show that implicit...

The GUIDE project is investigating the provision of context-sensitive mobile multimedia computing support for city visitors. In essence, the project is developing systems and application-level support for hand-portable multimedia end-systems which provide information to visitors as they navigate an appropriately networked city. The endsystems being developed are context-sensitive, i.e. they hav...

Networked collaboration and information exchange technologies have transformative potential for PPDR and risk governance. However, it is difficult to shape these transformations in a way that supports real world practices of collaboration and sense-making, and it is even more difficult to do so in ways that are ethically, legally and socially sensitive and proactive. This paper presents efforts...

In many cognitive situations context is speci ed glob ally encompassing the entire duration of an episode but explicitly identi ed only at its initiation Examples of such contexts are social situations spatial environ ments task speci cations etc In many such cases a neural system needs to respond di erently to the same immediate stimulus depending on the global context Clearly the system must ...