Gwinner (1981) proved an existence theorem for a variational inequality problem involving an upper semicontinuous multifunction with compact convex values. The aim of this paper is to solve this problem for a multifunction with open inverse values.

In this paper, we introduce intuitionistic smooth bitopological spaces and the notions of intuitionistic fuzzy semiinterior and semiclosure. Based on these concepts, the characterizations for the intuitionistic fuzzy pairwise semicontinuous mappings are obtained.

*Correspondence: [email protected] Department of Mathematics, Binzhou University, Shandong, 256603, P.R. China Abstract The square iterative roots for strictly monotonic and upper semicontinuous functions with one set-valued point were fully described in (Li et al. in Publ. Math. (Debr.) 75:203-220, 2009). As a continuation, we study both strictly monotonic and nonmonotonic multifunctio...

The concept of the lower limit for vector-valued mappings is the main focus of this work. We first introduce a new definition of adequate lower and upper level sets for vector-valued mappings and establish some of their topological and geometrical properties. Characterization of semicontinuity for vector-valued mappings is thereafter presented. Then, we define the concept of vector lower limit,...