Land cover maps are a vital input variable to many types of environmental research and management. While they can be produced automatically by machine learning techniques, these techniques require substantial training data achieve high levels accuracy, which not always available. One technique researchers use when labelled scarce is domain adaptation (DA)—where from an alternate region, known a...

Seasonal snow cover in the dry forests of American West provides essential water resources to both human and natural systems. The structure trees their arrangement across landscape are important drivers distribution these forests, varying widely space time. We used unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) multispectral imagery Structure-from-Motion (SfM) models quantify rapidly melting dynamics examine ef...

Quantifying and reporting the extent of forest resources is one of the primary objectives of forest resource assessments across geopolitical scales (e.g. local, regional, national and international). While there has been a substantial increase in the amount of environmental data, estimates for national and international assessments are often compiled from surveys conducted at fi ner geopolitica...

The semi-arid grasslands in Inner Mongolia (IM) are under increasing stress owing to climate change and rapid socio-economic development in the recent past. We investigated changes in land cover/land use and landscape structure between 1992 and 2004 through the analysis of AVHRR and MODIS derived land cover data. The scale of analysis included the regional level (i.e. the whole of IM) as well a...

Observations of Land C-band backscatter from snow cover are presented at all polarizations. Airborne passive-microwave data was collected in Northern Finland during EMAC’95 (European Multi-sensor Airborne Campaign-95). The measurements cover the 6.8–18.7 GHz frequency range with both vertical and horizontal polarizations. The empirical SAR data were acquired by EMISAR of Technical University of...

Debris-covered glaciers, unlike other types of glaciers, are difficult to map using visible and infrared imagery. Moreover, high altitude glaciers are difficult to map using fieldwork data due to the inaccessibility. In this study, supraglacial debris cover is mapped using Landsat TM and ETM+ images acquired from 1990 to 2010 and a digital elevation model (DEM) which is derived from Shuttle Rad...

Aeolian processes are tightly linked to soil and vegetation change in arid and semi-arid systems at multiple spatial and temporal scales. Wind influences patterns of vegetation and soil within the landscape, and these patterns control wind erosion at patch to landscape scales. Aggregated at larger scales, patterns in soil and vegetation distributions influence global distributions of dust and i...