In active sensing, animals make motor adjustments to match sensory inputs to specialized neural circuitry. Here, we describe an active sensing system for sound level processing. The pallid bat uses downward frequency-modulated (FM) sweeps as echolocation calls for general orientation and obstacle avoidance. The bat's auditory cortex contains a region selective for these FM sweeps (FM sweep-sele...

In this study, we present the development of a novel CaMn4O8–G–SiO2 (CaMnGS) sensor to detect presence Penicillium italicum mold. CaMnGS as ternary type nanocomposite was synthesized using self-assembly technique. sample demonstrated outstanding stability, high selectivity, and notable characteristics for fungus detection. For sensing, displayed large linear range (50–100) μL, low detection lim...

Carbon oxide gaseous species are potentially considered as pollutants of the atmosphere of earth; especially, carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide which are of the well-known carbon oxids, play an effective role in the greenhouse gas emissions. Moreover, these species could initiate or handle some chain reactions in the troposphere that lead to emergence of some secondly air pollutants which may ...

We prepared a highly sensitive and selective NO2 sensor, based on the TeO2 branched SnO2 nanowires (NWs), in terms of vapor-liquid-solid method, with subsequent growing of branches on the stems of SnO2 NWs. Fabricated sensors showed a high response higher than 10 to 10 ppm of NO2 gas at 100 °C. We investigated the associated sensing mechanisms, with respect to the enhancement of sensing behavio...

Low-doped silicon multi-nanowire field effect transistors with high ON/OFF ratio over 10 and a low subthreshold swing of 60–120 mV dec 1 are fabricated using lithographic semiconductor processes. The use of multi-nanowires instead of a single nanowire as sensing elements has shown improved device uniformity and stability in buffer solutions. The device stability is further improved with surface...

Great opportunities exist for Ion-Selective Electrodes (ISEs) in the fields of environmental monitoring and of wearable applications for example as the sensing part in wireless networks. In this review special attention is given to the recent results obtained with Solid Contact IonSelective Electrodes and Solid Contact Reference Electrodes. Their combination as disposable sensing platform may o...

We report on the sensing mechanism of electrical detection of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) hybridization for Au- and Cr-contacted field effect transistors based on single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) networks. Barrier height extraction via low-temperature electrical measurement provides direct evidence for the notion that the energy level alignment between electrode and SWCNTs can be affected ...

A rapid and cost-effective colorimetric sensor has been developed for the detection of bacteria (Bacillus subtilis was selected as an example). The sensor was designed to rely on lysozyme-capped AuNPs with the advantages of effective amplification and high specificity. In the sensing system, lysozyme was able to bind strongly to Bacillus subtilis, which effectively induced a color change of the...

Rapid and efficient analysis of fluoride ion is crucial to providing key information for fluoride ion hazard assessment and pollution management. In this study, we synthesized one symmetrical structure called 1,4-bis(4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)benzene (1a) and two asymmetrical structures, namely 2-(4-(4,5-diphenyl-1H-imidazol-2-yl)phenyl)-1H-phenanthro(9,10-d)imidazole (1b) and 2-(4-(4,5-dip...

Selective change driven (SCD) Vision is a biologically inspired strategy for acquiring, transmitting and processing images that significantly speeds up image sensing. SCD vision is based on a new CMOS image sensor which delivers, ordered by the absolute magnitude of its change, the pixels that have changed after the last time they were read out. Moreover, the traditional full frame processing h...