China has become the world’s largest carbon dioxide (CO2) emitter. Sectoral production activities promote economic development while also adding considerably to national CO2 emissions. Due to their different sectoral structures, each region shows different levels of economic development and CO2 emissions. The Chinese government hopes to achieve the dual objectives of economic growth and CO2 emi...

It is common wisdom that the 9/11 terrorist attacks boosted political and financial uncertainty and resulted in severe stock market meltdowns in the months after the attacks. Taking a sectoral focus of the market for US common stock, we apply statistical extreme value analysis (EVT) to assess whether downside risk measures like Value-at-Risk (VaR) and extremal sector linkages were significantly...

Following the economic liberalization in India, the service sector has gained prominence in the economy as it accounts for the largest share of GDP and, also that the share of this sector in GDP has been growing very rapidly. Empirical data reveal two significant trends in the service sector following liberalization in 1991: growth in service sector productivity and growth in services' trade. T...

Purpose To compare the sectoral structure-function relationships in glaucoma between two structural parameters, vessel density (VD) and thickness, in the peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL). Methods Optical coherence tomography (OCT) angiography (AngioVue/RTVue-XR) for VD and OCT (RS-3000) for peripapillary RNFL thickness were performed in 129 eyes from 129 subjects (94 glaucoma, 1...

This article explores the attitudes of trade union organizations to restructuring and privatization of their enterprises to strategic foreign investors in Central and Eastern Europe’s biggest steel producers: Poland, Czech Republic, Romania, and Slovakia. Contra advocates of insulating technocratic decision-makers from social partners, this article argues that higher quality of democracy and co...

It is common wisdom that the 9/11 terrorist attacks boosted political and financial uncertainty and resulted in severe stock market meltdowns in the months after the attacks. Taking a sectoral focus of the market for US common stock, we apply statistical extreme value analysis (EVT) to assess whether downside risk measures like Value-at-Risk (VaR) and extremal sector linkages were significantly...

This paper examines how a sectoral innovation system evolves over time and what the underlying factors derive from the development of automotive industry in Thailand which is presented as a case example. Since 1960's, the government policies and the development of liberal investment climate have been a push for the in°ux of large-scale foreign direct investments (FDI) in Thailand. Automotive in...

The paper describes the current competition policy framework in Hong Kong: how it came into existence, what business practices are prohibited, and how the enforcement system works. Recent cases in the telecommunications industry are used to illustrate the sectoral approach, the unique feature of Hong Kong’s competition policy. The paper argues that a sectoral approach faces two fundamental draw...

Given the multi-sectoral nature of nutrition, there are a range of policies on food, agriculture, trade, prices and incomes, health, and food safety that have an impact on nutrition. Greater progress can be expected if food safety and nutrition objectives, concerns and considerations are explicitly integrated into national policies on agriculture and food systems. The Second International Confe...

This chapter represents a significant departure from Chapter 19, which also focused on earnings. Instead of examining how earnings are distributed across a given population of workers, we shall now examine how individual and aggregate earnings evolve over time. The central thesis that we shall explore is that firms and workers are regularly buffeted by an assortment of random shocks or disturba...