OBJECTIVE To examine the association between consumption of red and processed meat (RPM) and iron intakes and status in adults. DESIGN Further analysis of the Dietary and Nutritional Survey of British Adults, a cross-sectional study of 2197 adults aged 16-64 years carried out in 1986/7. SUBJECTS AND METHODS Adults (836 men and 838 women) with serum ferritin measurements, who were not taking...

OBJECTIVE Data on obesity in preschoolers are scarce in Greece, a country particularly affected by the obesity epidemic. The present study aimed to assess overweight and obesity prevalence of preschoolers in Thessaloniki, Greece, by using three different standards for defining childhood overweight and obesity. DESIGN One thousand two hundred and fifty (1250) preschool children (657 boys and 5...

OBJECTIVES This study sought to use a population-based cross-sectional survey to describe depression prevalence, healthcare seeking and associations with socioeconomic determinants in a district in North India. SETTING This study was conducted in Sahaspur and Raipur, administrative blocks of Dehradun district, Uttarakhand, in July 2014. PARTICIPANTS A population-based sample of 960 people o...

Laboratory absorption spectra of peroxyacetyl nitrate (PAN, CH3C(O)OONO2) vapour have been measured in the mid-infrared range 550 cm−1 to 1400 cm−1 (18.2 to 7.14μm) at both 250 K and 273 K, using a Fourier transform infrared spectrometer at a nominal spectral resolution of 0.25 cm−1 (unapodised). In addition, the 1600 cm−1 to 2200 cm−1 (6.25 to 4.54μm) spectral region has been measured at 250 K...

We propose a spatial quantile autoregression (SQAR) model, which allows cross-sectional dependence among the responses, unknown heteroscedasticity in the disturbances, and heterogeneous impacts of covariates on different points (quantiles) of a response distribution. The instrumental variable quantile regression (IVQR) method of Chernozhukov and Hansen (2006) is generalized to allow the data to...

BACKGROUND In light of an increasing global focus on health system strengthening and integration of vertical programmes within health systems, methods and tools are required to examine whether general health service managers exercise administrative authority over vertical programmes. OBJECTIVE To measure the extent to which general health service (horizontal) managers, exercise authority over...

No need to report odd ratios in the results section. Odds ratios have been deleted, as suggested by the reviewer. Background The background should be tailored to the study purpose. The authors focus on how the health of migrants can change through time but this is not their study aim and cross-sectional data would not allow. As their aim is to analyse differences within the immigrant population...

Abstract Background There are no simple means of predicting which UK households are supported by state benefits and how these homes are distributed. The aim of the study was to test the hypothesis that means-tested benefits are more likely to support households in the lower council tax bands. Method This is a cross-sectional study incorporating Local Authority benefit statistics and data on Cou...

BACKGROUND Spontaneous adverse drug reaction reporting is the most widely used and cost effective method of monitoring the safety of drugs. This method is heavily afflicted by underreporting by healthcare professionals. The study aims at assessing adverse drug reaction (ADR) reporting rate by doctors, knowledge of the reporting system and attitudes to SADR in the Greater Accra region. METHODS...

BACKGROUND A national survey was conducted to measure and benchmark women's experiences with pregnancy, birth and postnatal care in Norway. The purpose of this secondary analysis is to explore potential variation in these experiences with regard to the survey respondents' geographic origin. METHODS Data were collected in a national observational cross-sectional study, by a self-administered q...