We present a method for obtaining a true flat surface on cross-sections of large logs that exceed the width of many belt sanders, to aid in digital scanning and computer-aided ring width measurement. The method uses a vertical mill that is available in most university machine shops, gradually removing thin layers of wood to achieve a surface that is planar within ca. 0.3-mm precision. We have t...

Many natural transmissible spongiform encephalopathy (TSE) infections are likely to be acquired peripherally, and studies in mice show that skin scarification is an effective means of scrapie transmission. After peripheral exposure, TSE agents usually accumulate in lymphoid tissues before spreading to the brain. The mechanisms of TSE transport to lymphoid tissues are not known. Langerhans cells...

Two neural network based vision subsystems for image recognition in micromechanics were developed. One subsystem is for shape recognition and another subsystem is for texture recognition. Information about shape and texture of the micro workpiece can be used to improve precision of both assembly and manufacturing processes. The proposed subsystems were tested off-line in two tasks. In the task ...

The "RapidTool" Short Run (SR) Tooling Process using the Copper Polyamide material provides a route to mold inserts for injection molding made directly in the Selective Laser Sintering machine. The STL files for the mold inserts are shelled and conformal cooling lines and ejector pin guides are added before SLS processing. Sintering of the material in the SLS machine provides quick metal/plasti...

No-till (NT) is a soil management system designed to protect resources from water erosion and provide numerous benefits compared conventional tillage through the increase of organic matter inputs into soil. However, NT in isolation not sufficient control processes caused by an excessive production surface runoff. This study evaluated losses on agricultural hillslopes under no-till characterized...

PURPOSE To compare the biological patterns of viral transcripts during herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV1) latent infection according to experimental conditions. METHODS Two types of murine models of HSV1 infection were used: the corneal scarification model, often used in studies of HSV1 latency, and the oro-ocular murine model. Two strains of HSV1 were used for the inoculation: SC16, a wild t...

The northern clingfish, Gobiesox maeandricus, is able to adhere to slippery, fouled and irregular surfaces in the marine intertidal environment. We have found that the fish can adhere equally well to surfaces with a broad range of surface roughness, from the finest sandpaper (R(a) = 15 µm) to textures suitable for removing finish from flooring (R(a) = 269 µm). The fishes outperform man-made suc...

An experimental investigation has been carried out to document and relate the frictional resistance and roughness texture of painted surfaces smoothed by sanding. Hydrodynamic tests were carried out in a towing tank using a flat plate test fixture towed at a Reynolds number ~ReL ! range of 2.8310 25.5310 based on the plate length and freestream velocity. Results indicate an increase in friction...