enzyme efficiency was investigated in the lipase-catalyzed hydrolysis of canola oil in supercritical carbon dioxide (scco2). immobilized lipase from mucor miehie (lipozyme im) was used as the catalyst and the results showed that enzyme efficiency dropped at high pressures indicating a possible change in enzyme microstructure. therefore, scanning electron microscopy (sem) was used as a supplemen...

biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles with small size and biostability is very important and used in various biomedical applications. in the present work, we describe the synthesis of silver nanoparticles (ag-nps) using seed aqueous extract of olea europaea (oe) and its antibacterial activity. uv–visible spectroscopy, x-ray diffraction (xrd), transmission electron microscopy (tem), scanning elec...

the environmental scanning electron microscopy (esem) is a new development in the field of electron microscopy. in this study esem has been used to study the structure of veal semimembranosus muscle. four treatments, raw (control), conventional heating, domestic and industrial microwave heating, were observed using esem. the temperature used in conventional heating was 163 0c. frequency app...

introduction: this study was carried out to evaluate the bacterial leakage of root canal fillings when cavity varnish containing 5% fluoride (duraflur) was used as root canal sealer. methods and materials: root canals of 88 straight single-rooted teeth were prepared. eighty teeth were randomly divided into 3 experimental groups ( n =20) and two positive and negative control groups of ten each. ...

The electron microprobe provides a complete micron-scale quantitative chemical analysis of inorganic solids. The method is nondestructive and utilizes characteristic x-rays excited by an electron beam, incident on a flat surface of the sample. This course will provide an introduction to the theory of x-ray microanalysis by wavelength and energy dispersive spectrometry (WDS and EDS), ZAF matrix ...

A method for accurate quantitation of virus particles has long been sought, but a perfect method still eludes the scientific community. Electron Microscopy (EM) quantitation is a valuable technique because it provides direct morphology information and counts of all viral particles, whether or not they are infectious. In the past, EM negative stain quantitation methods have been cited as inaccur...

BACKGROUND: The tongue, which plays a very important role in food intake by vertebrates, exhibits significant morphological variations that appear to represent adaptation to the current environmental conditions of each respective habitat. OBJECTIVES: The aim of the present investigation was to investigate lingual structure in adult budgerigar. METHODS: Tongues of 12 adult budgerigars were used ...

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of breading materials and two different frying oils on the fat up-take in the fish fillets during frying process. Breaded and non-breaded black pomfret (Parastromateus niger) fillets were fried in sunflower oil and palm olein. Fat content by Soxhelet method and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was studied. Results from Soxhelet method showe...

The aim of this study was to investigate the dorsal surface of the long-eared hedgehog tongue using scanning electron microscopy. The tongue of the long-eared hedgehog is rectangular-shaped with an elongated body and a widened root and a marked deep median groove can be seen on its dorsal surface. A characteristic feature of the lingual root is presence of two huge laterally situated folds. The...