Editorial It was not long ago that emergency medicine (EM) was only something for the rest of the world. Emergency patients in the Scandinavian countries were still being handled by young and poorly trained doctors from many specialties and no doctor tended especially to the undiagnosed patient in the emergency department (ED). The work environment was hostile, and the nurses had to make do wit...

In this study, we look at the melt season in the spring of 2004 in the southern part of the Fenoscandia region, which includes Finland, Sweden and Norway, to determine the relative accuracy of the Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS) snow maps as compared to the maps which employ a modified SnowStar algorithm. SnowStar is an operational snow-mapping system developed in Norway f...

OBJECTIVE To describe innovations in neurocritical care originating from university hospitals in southern Scandinavia over a period of 50 years. DISCUSSION Several techniques and strategies that are now included in clinical routine were initially developed in southern Scandinavia: continuous recording of intracranial pressure, monitoring of cerebral blood flow, analyses of cerebral energy met...

Fine-needle thyroid aspiration biopsy has a 20-year history in Scandinavia but has seen little use in North America owing to concern about the dissemination of malignant disease and the more limited use of aspiration cytology in general. We have reviewed our experience with this method in 103 cases, and on the basis of our work and the accumulated evidence of others, believe that the procedure ...

Sir, Antibiotic resistance of bacteria is a growing problem. Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) is a frequent nosocomial pathogen in many countries, with a high incidence in southern Europe, but with a lower incidence in Scandinavia (1). MRSA is most commonly isolated from ulcers and the respiratory tract (1).We report here a case of a leg ulcer carryingMRSA, which was treated w...

DURING the present century there has been a rapid decline in most of the common infectious diseases in Great Britain. Measles and whooping-cough, almost alone, have not shared in this decline, and have so far resisted efforts at control, while poliomyelitis, for many years prevalent in Scandinavia, U.S.A., and Australia, has come to our shores to offer us a further challenge. For much of the de...

There is evidence that tularemia in man may have occurred in the nineteenth century in the U.S., Norway, Russia and Japan before the isolation of causative organisms from California ground squirrels in 1911. Since its identification, tularemia has been reported from all of the continental U.S. (except Vermont), Canada, Mexico, Venezuela, Ecuador and Colombia. The disease has also been reported ...