Studying the anatomical features of the middle ear of donkey was significant among scanty available literatures. The work was established on 14 formalized heads and dried skulls from both sexes of healthy donkeys of different ages. The samples were intended for the bony structural examination and dissection. Extraction of the auditory ossicles was difficult due to the rigidity of the temporal b...

Twelve men who had been exposed to a minor asbestos hazard have been examined clinically, radiologically, and physiologically, and an assessment of the airborne asbestos concentration has also been made. Ten men had worked in a transformer department lagging transformer windings with asbestos paste for between IS and 37 years. Two of these men showed minor radiological and minor physiological c...

For spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.), as with most other species, the value of a log is to great extent determined by its defects. That is the reason why sawyers, aiming at the optimal utilization of a log, were naturally interested in defects, their number, position and shape. X-ray computer tomography (CT) scanning is able to detect internal density variations related to defects. In order to ...

The quality of grey alder logs (Alnus incana) was studied by sawing sample logs from two different forests in November 1995–February 1996. For grading of grey alder logs and sawn timber the proposed system of Keinänen and Tahvanainen (1995) plus the reject -grade was used. In general, grey alder logs have knots from the base to the top. All types of knots appear, and the length of the knot-free...