introduction: to examine the long-term effects of normal saline and a synthetic tissue fluid (phosphate buffered saline, pbs) on mineral trioxide aggregate (mta). materials and methods: root-ends of twelve extracted human teeth were resected; root-end cavities were prepared and filled with mta. samples were randomly divided into two groups of six each. teeth in group i were placed in normal sal...

Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.), which is widely grown globally for its high-quality edible oil, reasonably salt and drought tolerant but it susceptible to waterlogging. In the saline coastal zone of Ganges delta, sunflower often exposed sudden heavy rainfall during early growth plant tolerance such events not known. Hence, we evaluated effect short-term soil inundation (referred as waterloggi...

To elucidate the mechanisms underlying tolerance to saline-alkaline stress in two rice genotypes, Dongdao-4 and Jigeng-88, we exposed them to medium supplemented with 10 mM Na2CO3 and 40 mM NaCl (pH 8.5). Dongdao-4 plants displayed higher biomass, chlorophyll content, and photosynthetic rates, and a larger root system than Jigeng-88 under saline-alkaline conditions. Dongdao-4 had a higher shoot...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS Daytime root-zone temperature may be a significant factor regulating water flux through plants. Water flux can also occur during the night but nocturnal stomatal response to environmental drivers such as root-zone temperature remains largely unknown. METHODS Here nocturnal and daytime leaf gas exchange was quantified in 'Shiraz' grapevines (Vitis vinifera) exposed to three...

The case study of the brackish spring of "Almyros of Heraklio" in Crete (Greece) and its vast carbonate coastal aquifer is presented, showing the consequence of preferential flows of continental fresh water and saline sea water in karst galleries in a coastal area. Flow heterogeneity generates unexpected upconing in boreholes, and permits the spring of Almyros not to be directly connected with ...

Crop sensitivity to root zone salinity can vary over time, which lead severe damage when high coincides with soil salinity. The variation in of sunflower during its growth cycle is unknown. Two pot experiments were conducted sand culture a complete nutrient solution. Solutions flushed through pots excess maintain specified salt concentrations the In Experiment 1, salt-sensitive stages determine...

abstract in order to study the effects of salinity and silicon application on biomass of leaves and root of purslane (portulaca oleracea l.), a greenhouse experiment was conducted at research greenhouse of ferdowsi university of mashhad using completely randomized desgin with three replications. employed two factors consisted of three levels of salinity using nacl (0.6, 11, 22 ds/m) and two lev...

Salinity as well as drought are increasing problems in agriculture. Durum wheat (Triticum turgidum L. ssp. durum Desf.) is relatively salt sensitive compared with bread wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), and yields poorly on saline soil. Field studies indicate that roots of durum wheat do not proliferate as extensively as bread wheat in saline soil. In order to look for genetic diversity in root gro...

objective: better understanding of the furcation anatomy may serve to decrease the risk of root perforation. the purpose of this study was to measure the thickness of root walls in the danger zone in mandibular first molars. materials and methods: the roots of 53 extracted human mandibular first molars were sectioned in the horizontal plane 4 mm below the orifice of the mesial and distal root c...