The microzonation of O(2) respiration, H(2)S oxidation, and SO(4) reduction in aerobic trickling-filter biofilms was studied by measuring concentration profiles at high spatial resolution (25 to 100 mum) with microsensors for O(2), S, and pH. Specific reaction rates were calculated from measured concentration profiles by using a simple one-dimensional diffusion reaction model. The importance of...

9 strains of a new Salmonella type, S. ituri, were isolated from the feces of 2 apparently normal, adult ducks in Zega and of 4" apparently normal, adult ducks in Kasenyi (Lac Albert). The biochemical behaviour of this new type is as follows: No fer­ mentation of adonitol, inositol, lactose, salicin, and sucrose. No pro­ duction of indole, no liquefaction of gelatin (60 days 20 0 C.), and no de...

Allylsulfides from garlic are chemopreventive agents. Entering cells they are expected to initially interact with glutathione. Accordingly, reaction mechanisms of the product, S-allylthio-glutathione, with model proteins and thiols were analyzed in cell free systems. With glutathionyl, cysteinyl or captopril representing S-allyl aliphatic adducts, the reaction with sulfhydryl groups resulted in...

A cell-free extract from Escherichia coli containing an E. coli biotin synthase that was expressed to approx. 1% of soluble cell protein by cloning the E. coli bioB gene was used to investigate the biotin synthase reaction. The pH optimum was between 8 and 8.5, and the reaction velocity was dependent on the concentrations of dethiobiotin, cysteine, S-adenosylmethionine and asparagine. The catal...

results the number of s. pneumoniae isolates resistant to benzylpenicillin, imipenem, oxacillin and ceftazidime were 94.5%, 100%, 100%, and 21.8%, respectively. analysis of mutation in the genes for pbp showed that 85% of isolates had mutations in pbp2x, pbp2b and pbp1a. susceptibility to benzylpenicillin was decreased once the number of mutated pbp genes in s. pneumonia increased. according to...

We present a computational study addressing the catalytic cycle of a recently-synthesized all-inorganic homogeneous catalyst capable to promote water oxidation with low overpotential and high turnover frequency [Sartorel et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., 2008, 130, 5006; Geletii et al., Angew. Chem., Int. Ed., 2008, 47, 3896]. This catalyst consists of a tetraruthenium-oxo core [Ru(4)O(4)(OH)(2)·(H(2)...

Ergothioneine is a histidine thio-derivative isolated in 1909. In ergothioneine biosynthesis, the combination of a mononuclear non-heme iron enzyme catalyzed oxidative C-S bond formation reaction and a PLP-mediated C-S lyase (EgtE) reaction results in a net sulfur transfer from cysteine to histidine side-chain. This demonstrates a new sulfur transfer strategy in the biosynthesis of sulfur-conta...

1. The cross reaction of the specific polysaccharide of Type VIII pneumococcus with Type III antipneumococcus horse serum has been studied quantitatively and found similar to the S III-anti-S VIII reaction. 2. Contrasted with the general similarity of the two-segment reaction curves were distinct qualitative and quantitative differences in the course and character of the reciprocal reactions wi...

The preparation of peptide thioesters using Fmoc chemistry requires their synthesis as amides flowed by an N -> S-acyl shift reaction. Recently, bis(2-sulfanylethyl)amino-trityl-polystyrene (SEA) resin has been reported (1, 2), where the peptide is synthesized as a secondary amide, and the N -> S-acyl shift occurs by reaction of one of the two 2-sulfanylethyl groups. The PAET resin described he...

List of abbreviations. IL-information language; ZR-information record; R-reaction; R,, R,I and R,,,types of reaction; S-substantives (nouns); S,,,, S,,, and Sins,,nouns in the genitive, accusative and instrumental cases; S,-nouns of the semantic class R; SRI, SRI, and SR,,rnouns of the semantic classes R,, R,, and R,,,; F’*----a vocabulary of words having a structural analogue; V,,,-the vocabul...