This paper analyzes the rural-urban migration of families in the Bohemian region of Pilsen in 1890–1900. Using a new 2000-family dataset from the 1900 population census I examine the human capital investment aspect of rural-urban migration. I find that families migrated to the city such that the educational attainment of their children would be maximized and adolescent children are systematical...

The purpose of this paper was to examine children's education financing alternatives among households in rural China. Data on education financing was from a household survey conducted in three poverty villages in Guizhou, China. The difference in financing education by households was verified through non-parametric testing. Findings show that private savings is dominant in financing education o...

This study was carried out among urban, rural and refugee camp populations in three localities (Rimal, Jabalia Village, Jabalia Refugee Camp), in Gaza Governorates – Palestine. School children between 6 and 11 years old were examined. The prevalence of intestinal parasites among 309 school children was higher in the rural area (53.3%) and the Refugee Camp (48.0%) than in urban areas (33.0%). Ma...

BACKGROUND Many HIV-infected children in sub-Saharan Africa reside in rural areas, yet most research on treatment outcomes has been conducted in urban centers. Rural clinics and residents may face unique barriers to care and treatment. METHODS A prospective cohort study of HIV-infected children was conducted between September 2007 and September 2010 at the rural HIV clinic in Macha, Zambia. H...

BACKGROUND Children in rural areas experience the interrelated problems of poor growth, anemia and parasitic infections. We investigated the prevalence of and associations between intestinal helminth and protozoan infections, malnutrition and anemia in school-age Venezuelan children. METHODS This cross-sectional study was conducted in 390 children aged 4-16 years from three rural areas of Ven...

BACKGROUND Successful antiretroviral treatment programs in rural sub-Saharan Africa may face different challenges than programs in urban areas. The objective of this study was to identify patient characteristics, barriers to care, and treatment responses of HIV-infected children seeking care in rural Zambia. METHODS Cross-sectional analysis of HIV-infected children seeking care at Macha Hospi...

BACKGROUND Childhood obesity may soon be an equally important health threat as undernutrition and infectious diseases. Accurate information about prevalence and risk factors of obesity in children is important for the design of prevention. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to estimate prevalence of overweight and obesity for preschool children in two Vietnamese areas, one urban and one rura...

BACKGROUND Gender disparities in China are concentrated in poor rural areas and among poor households. The difference in intelligence between boys and girls is less clear in rural China. The purpose of this paper was to assess sex differences in the intellectual function of early school-aged children in rural China. METHODS One thousand seven hundred forty four early school-aged offspring of ...

BACKGROUND Good infant growth is important for future health. Assessing growth is common in pediatric care all over the world, both at the population and individual level. There are few studies of birth weight and growth studies comparing urban and rural communities in Vietnam. The first aim is to describe and compare the birth weight distributions and physical growth (weight and length) of chi...

Background Historically, the prevalence of dental caries was higher in urban areas than rural areas of Thailand. This study aim to examine the time trends in caries status in children in Thailand. Material and Methods Linear regression was used to examine trend of dental caries prevalence and mean number of teeth with caries, filled and missing due to caries (dmft/DMFT) in urban and rural, of...