Leaf area index (LAI) is a key structural characteristic of forest ecosystems because of the role of green leaves in controlling many biological and physical processes in plant canopies. Accurate LA1 estimates are required in studies of ecophysiology, atmosphere-ecosystem interactions, and global change. The objective of this paper is to evaluate LA1 values obtained by several research teams us...

the Fast growth of data intensive applications has caused a changed in the traditional storage model. The server to disk approach is being replaced by storage area network (SANs), which enables storage to be externalized from the server, thus allowing storage devices to be shared among multiple servers by using threshold cryptography to secure data. A storage area network is a secure high speed...

It has been argued by several authors that the quantum mechanical spectrum of black hole horizon area must be discrete. This has been confirmed in different formalisms, using different approaches. Here we concentrate on two approaches, the one involving quantization on a reduced phase space of collective coordinates of a Black Hole and the algebraic approach of Bekenstein. We show that for non-...

LGR (Logic Gates as Repeaters) – a methodology for delay optimization of CMOS logic circuits with RC interconnects is described. The traditional interconnect segmentation by insertion of repeaters is generalized to segmentation by distributing logic gates over interconnect lines, reducing the number of additional, logically useless inverters. Expressions for optimal segment lengths and gate sca...

This paper describes air interface standards for wireless local area network (LAN), wireless metropolitan area network (MAN), and wireless personal area network (PAN) technology being developed within the IEEE 802 LAN MAN Standards Committee of the Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, Inc. (IEEE). 1 U.S. Government work, not subject to U.S. Copyright. IEEE C802.16-03/03

—This paper explores the next generation of mobile communication system from different perspectives. A user-centric approach to 4G is considered. We envision 4G as a convergence platform where wide-area (cellular) technology, wireless metropolitan area network (WMAN) and wireless local area network (WLAN) will coexist and complete. Legacy systems, their evolution as well as newly developed acce...

This article examines the problem of visual area coverage by a network of Mobile Aerial Agents (MAAs). Each MAA is assumed to be equipped with a downwards facing camera with a conical field of view which covers all points within a circle on the ground. The diameter of that circle is proportional to the altitude of the MAA, whereas the quality of the covered area decreases with the altitude. A d...

Wireless Local Area Networks (WLAN) findet man zunehmend als Trägersystem für die mobile Kommunikation mit Notebooks und Handhelds im Campusbereich und darüber hinaus. In diesem Tutorium werden die typischen Einsatzszenarien von WLANs vorgestellt, wobei auch ein Blick auf verwandte Technologien und Alternativen nicht fehlt. Die WLAN-Funktionsprinzipien werden an Hand der verbreiteten Standards ...