introduction: breastfeeding self-efficacy show self-confidence and the ability of mothers to perform breastfeeding and maternal health literacy, ability of women to gain access to, understand, and use information in ways that promote and maintain their health and their children. aim: this study was measuring associations between self-efficacy breastfeeding and maternal health literacy. methods:...

background and purpose: birth of a mentally retarded child is a significant challenge in every family and is associated with the possibility of parental stress and depression. this study aimed to evaluate the self-concept of mothers with educable mentally retarded (emr) children. methods: this cross-sectional study was conducted on 40 mothers with emr children in the only special primary school...

background & aim: many parents do not believe in their ability to fulfill their parental responsibilities. parental self-efficacy is crucial to parents’ sense of well-being and is considered a predictor for quality of life. however, evidence is scarce on the factors that influence parents’ perception of efficacy. therefore, this study aimed to investigate the predictors for parental self-effica...

this research is a cross-sectional study conducted to aim of comparison of self treatment between teacher and clinical nurse in tehran. in this study 100 teacher and 100 clinical nurses participate. for data gathering use of a questionnaire including tow part: one section about overall participants characteristics and another section including question about self treatment. the results show tha...

objective: lack of exercise is the fourth cause of death in the world. there is an inverse relationship between physical activity and the risk of diabetes. the aim of this study was to determine physical activity status and its related factors among type 2 diabetic patients in hamadan, west of iran. materials and methods: this analytical-observational study was performed on320 type 2 diabetic p...

the present research is a field study in order to investigate scale and ways of doing breast self examination (bse). 270 nurses employed by the medical sciences university’s hospitals related to the ministry of health, and medical education in city of tehran are selected and involved in research on the basis of simple random sampling. the data collection tool was a protrayed questionnaire which...