Background: A cross-sectional analytic method was used to assess health and safety risks that really matter in restaurants of universities and hospitals in the Gaza strip, Palestine.  Materials and methods: A 40-item questionnaire was completed by workers in all university and governmental hospital restaurants in the Gaza strip. Another 30-item questionnaire was completed by unive...

Study objectives: To determine the validity of physical and mental unhealthy days as summary measures for county health status and to forward a method for examining county level health trends using a single year of data from the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System (BRFSS). Design: The study analysed geographical variation in physical and mental unhealthy days at the state and county leve...

Recent literature has investigated the risk aggregation of a portfolio X = (Xi)1≤i≤n under the sole assumption that the marginal distributions of the risks Xi are specified but not their dependence structure. There exists a range of possible values for any risk measure of S = ∑n i=1Xi and the dependence uncertainty spread, as measured by the difference between the upper bound and the lower boun...

Information Communication Technology (ICT) industry is going through a bottleneck period and the low success rate of technical commercialization is exactly one of the most important reasons impeding ICT's development. Through data collection and analysis of three ICT enterprises in Guangzhou, 21 risk factors of ICT commercialization are identified with grounded theory and the three-level ICT co...

Existing studies find that size, book-to-market, momentum and liquidity explain the crosssection of average returns, but debate continues over whether these variables are risk factors. We propose a new test of whether a candidate variable is a priced risk factor. Specifically, we test whether there is a relationship between the conditional mean and conditional variance of the return on the cand...

We examine the determinants of the realized bid-ask spread in the U.S. corporate, municipal and government bond markets for the years 1995 to 1997, based on newly available transactions data. Overall, we find that liquidity is an important determinant of the realized bid-ask spread all three markets. Specifically, in all markets, the realized bid-ask spread decreases in the trading volume. Addi...

the scientific literature regarding threatened abortion is relatively limited on the subject of outcomes and viability at term. to investigate prospectively the risk of adverse pregnancy outcome in women presenting with first-trimester threatened miscarriage, a prospective case control study was performed on 600 subjects, 150 women presenting with bleeding in the first trimester and 450 asympto...

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Contrast set mining aims at finding differences between different groups. This paper shows that a contrast set mining task can be transformed to a subgroup discovery task whose goal is to find descriptions of groups of individuals with unusual distributional characteristics with respect to the given property of interest. The proposed approach to contrast set mining through subgroup discovery wa...