one of the most important aspects of sustainable development is sustainable agriculture. therefore, nowadays, achieving a sustainable agricultural system is an important policy in agriculture department of countries. the main objective of this study is identifying factors affecting stability of rice cultivation in the city of shirvan and chardavol in ilam province. this study was a survey and i...

The rice import plan to be carried out by the Indonesian government is a very interesting issue discuss considering that Indonesia known as an agricultural country. Based on data shown BPS in 2017, around 29.76% of Indonesia's population works farmers. This means when activities are out, welfare 31.68 million people (farmers) will experience decline. study aims analyze government's 1 tonnes ric...

Potential risks of genetically modified (GM) crops must be identified before their commercialization, as happens with all new technologies. One of the major concerns is the proper risk assessment of adventitious presence of transgenic material in rice fields due to cross-pollination. Several studies have been conducted in order to quantify pollen-mediated gene flow from transgenic rice (Oryza s...

introduction agriculture relies on nature and farmers face environmental, social, financial and legal issues that makes farming to be consistently and strongly associated with risk. agriculture can be considered to be the most risky economic venture. ahmadi (1) listed several main sources of risk that farmers face. economic risk includes price fluctuations for raw materials such as seed and fer...

Thailand is one of the world’s leaders of rice producers and exporters. Farmers have to increase the rice cultivation frequency for serving the national increasing of export’s demand. It leads to an elimination of rice residues by open burning which is the quickest and costless management method. The open burning of rice residue is one of the major causes of air pollutants and greenhouse gas (G...

This study tested for spatial integration in the rice market and the substitution of imported rice for local rice in Ghana. It is established that the markets for domestic imported rice are well-integrated, but not complete. The imperfect spatial integration of domestic foreign rice markets implies that the market provides opportunities for arbitrage. Price leadership roles are found to be dete...

To improve the incomes of farmers in China, the Chinese government is paying increased attention to the reform of its agricultural subsidy policy. However, the effectiveness of the subsidy remains insufficient and thus fails to encourage farmers to cultivate their land and develop sustainability. Thus, there is a need for a novel model that will improve the effectiveness and efficiency of subsi...

Batanghari Regency is one of the regencies in Jambi Province that has a potential for development lowland rice commodities. Rice farming consists organic and inorganic rice. Organic technique using fertilizer (compost fertilizers) can be broken down by decomposer organisms. The continuous use chemical fertilizers pesticides on agricultural land results decrease structure composition nutrients s...

Human excreta is a low cost source of nutrients vital to plant growth, but also a source of pathogens transmissible to people and animals. We investigated the cost-savings and infection risk of soil transmitted helminths (STHs) in four scenarios where farmers used either inorganic fertilizer or fresh/composted human excreta supplemented by inorganic fertilizer to meet the nutrient requirements ...