Determining how species' geographic ranges are governed by current climates and how they will respond to rapid climatic change poses a major biological challenge. Geographic ranges are often spatially fragmented and composed of genetically differentiated populations that are locally adapted to different thermal regimes. Tradeoffs between different aspects of thermal performance, such as between...

Background: Nitrogen (N) deposition could influence plant stoichiometry and growth rate and thus alter the structure and function of the ecosystem. However, the mechanism by which N deposition changes the stoichiometry and relative growth rate (RGR) of plant organs, especially roots with different diameters, is unclear. Methods: We created a gradient of N availability (0-22.4 g N m-2 year-1) fo...

The objective of this study is to understand the response of Quercus suber seedlings to light and water, two limiting factors of their growth and survival in Mediterranean woody plants. Greenhouse and field experiments were conducted to contrast the results from both types of experiments. At the greenhouse experiment, Quercus suber seedlings were grown at three treatments of light (3%, 27% and ...

The objective of this study was to develop a growth model for grafted hot pepper seedlings as affected by air temperature and light intensity. After union formation, the were cultivated in various environmental factors terms four levels, mean daily (17, 22, 27, 32 °C) 3 levels intensity (150, 350, 550 ?mol·m?2·s?1). traits measured 0, 7, 14, 21, 28 days after formation (DAGU). plant height impr...

abstract confused flour beetle, tribolium confusum duval (col.: tenebrionidae) is one of the most important stored product pests of flour in iran. in this research the effects of insect growth regulators (igrs): teflubenzuron, hexaflumuron and pyriproxyfen were studied on larval and imago nutritional indices of confused flour beetle. the results showed that they were more effective on relative ...

The visual cycle system in a primitive chordate, ascidian Ciona intestinalis, was studied by whole-mount in situ hybridization and by whole-mount immunohistochemistry. Three visual cycle proteins, Ciona homologue of RGR (Ci-opsin3), CRALBP (Ci-CRALBP), and BCO/RPE65 (Ci-BCO/RPE65) were widely distributed in the brain vesicle and visceral ganglion. To identify the visual cycle system in a primit...

This dissertation describes the development of receiver function processing methods to create images of the seismic structure of the crust and upper mantle from teleseismic earthquake arrivals. These methods include receiver function estimation and prestack migration techniques which reduce deconvolution instability and produce regularized, multi-phase receiver function images. The receiver fun...