Individual and institutional investors can trade German initial public equity offerings (IPOs) on a when-issued basis before the start of secondary trading. Using a novel data set of preand post-IPO trades made by a sample of clients at a large German retail broker, the paper documents that retail investors are willing to overpay and end up overpaying for IPOs, especially following periods of h...

Organized retailing is a sunrise industry in India. Many big industrial houses and international players are in the arena. The perfect competition in the market posed many challenges to retailers for better organizational performance. In this study we attempt to identify items for retail challenges (RC) and organizational performance (OP) based on strong literature support in consultation of pr...

Abstract— We 1 address the extension of spatiotemporal marginal-cost-based Wholesale Transmission markets to Retail Distribution markets. Key challenges include (i) a broader range of significant cost components and requirements such as real and reactive power marginal losses, transformer life degradation, and voltage control, (ii) higher order of magnitude of retail market participants, some w...

Geographic price discrimination is generally considered beneficial to firm profitability. Firms can extract higher rents by varying prices across markets to match consumers’ preferences. This paper empirically demonstrates, however, that a firm may instead prefer a national pricing policy that fixes prices across geographic markets, foregoing the opportunity to customize prices. Under appropria...

We report here the draft genome sequence of Aeromonas molluscorum 848T, the type strain of this Aeromonas species, which was isolated from wedge shells (Donax trunculus) obtained from a retail market in Barcelona, Spain, in 1997.

OBJECTIVE To explore whether area-level socio-economic position or the form of retail stream (conventional v. farmers' market) is associated with differences in the price, availability, variety and quality of a range of fresh fruit and vegetables. DESIGN A multi-site cross-sectional pilot study of farmers' markets, supermarkets and independent fruit and vegetable retailers. Each was surveyed ...

One of the steps called for in the fight against malaria is the removal of tariffs and taxes on insecticide-treated bednets (ITNs), netting materials, and insecticides, with a view to reducing the retail prices of ITNs and thus increasing utilization. In this paper we develop an approach for analysing the extent to which reform of tariff and tax policy can be expected to increase ITN purchases....