conclusions the most common cause of restoration replacement in patients referred to the babol university of dentistry during years 2013 and 2014 was secondary caries that were found in class ii restorations. patients and methods age, sex, type of occlusion, dmf, existing parafunction, type of tooth, class and reason of composite restoration replacement was recorded for patients who had referre...

In ecosystems with alternative stable states, restoration success can be thought of as overcoming the resilience of an undesirable state to promote an alternative state that yields greater ecosystem services. Since greater resilience of undesirable states translates into reduced restoration potential, quantifying differences in resilience can enhance restoration planning. In the context of shru...

The Central Valley of California is one of the most important regions for wintering waterbirds in North America despite extensive anthropogenic landscape modification and decline of historical wetlands there. Like many other mediterranean-climate ecosystems across the globe, the Central Valley has been subject to a burgeoning human population and expansion and intensification of agricultural an...

Modeling efforts focused on future greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from energy and other sectors in California have shown varying capacities to meet the emissions reduction targets established by the state. These efforts have not included potential reductions from changes in ecosystem management, restoration, and conservation. We examine the scale of contributions from selected activities in nat...

1. Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) plays a central role in the dynamics of stream and river ecosystems, affecting processes such as metabolism, the balance between autotrophy and heterotrophy, acidity, nutrient uptake and bioavailability of toxic compounds. However, despite its importance to stream processes, restoration and management activities rarely incorporate DOC as a major management crit...

The interest in changing the use of the Lower Mississippi Alluvial Valley (LMAV) floodplain has been gathering momentum. Recent changes in federal farm programs, heightened awareness of the value of forested wetlands and increasingly productive farming practices have allowed for consideration of land use changes. Marginal agricultural land in the LMAV, cleared at the time of soaring soybean pri...

The extent of human-induced change and damage to Earth’s ecosystems renders ecosystem repair an essential part of our future survival strategy, and this demands that restoration ecology provide effective conceptual and practical tools for this task. We argue that restoration ecology has to be an integral component of land management in today’s world, and to be broadly applicable, has to have a ...

Restoring altered forest landscapes toward their ranges of natural variability (RNV) may enhance ecosystem sustainability and resiliency, but such efforts can be hampered by complex land ownership and management patterns. We evaluated restoration potential for southern-boreal forests in the 2.1 million ha Border Lakes Region of northern Minnesota (U.S.A.) and Ontario (Canada), where spatially d...

Title of Document: ECOLOGICAL AND GEOMORPHOLOGICAL IMPACTS OF CHANNEL STABILITY RESTORATION IN URBAN STREAMS Brian Guthrie Laub, Ph.D., 2011 Directed By: Professor Margaret A. Palmer, Biology Stream restoration projects that attempt to reduce channel incision and bank erosion by reconstructing the channel and grading and armoring stream banks (channel stability restoration projects) are common,...