Classical Darwinian adaptation to a change in environment can ensue when selection favours beneficial genetic variation. How plastic trait responses to new conditions affect this process depends on how plasticity reveals to selection the influence of genotype on phenotype. Genetic accommodation theory predicts that evolutionary rate may sharply increase when a new environment induces plastic re...

In order to evaluate responses of a pistachio seedling rootstock (Pistacia vera L. cv. Ghazvini) to NaCl induced salinity stress and potential protective role of exogenous spermine and spermidine on NaCl induced salinity stress, a greenhouse experiment was conducted during growing season of 2009. The NaCl treatments, involving 800, 1600, and 3200 mg NaCl per Kg of soil for 90 days, suppressed g...

To investigate the effect of salinity stress on membrane stability index, membrane lipid peroxidation, catalase activity and protein content of Fenugreek (Trigonellafoenum) an experiment with five levels of short-term salinity stress (0, 50, 100, 150 and 200 mM) was carried out at the laboratory of agriculture faculty of Shahid Bahonar University of Kerman, Iran. The treatments were ar...

this study investigated the influence of inoculation with an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus (amf), glomus mosseae (nicol & gerd.) on growth and antioxidant enzyme activities (sod, cat, gupx) in shoots and roots of wheat (triticum aestivum l.) affected by three different levels of salt stress. the experiment was arranged as a factorial in randomized complete block design (rcbd) with three replicat...

Soil water, salinity and nitrogen content are three major factors affecting crop production in arid and semi-arid areas. This study was performed in two years of 2009 and 2010 in a semi-arid area in order to investigate the effects of irrigation water quantity (as main plot), quality (saline water, as sub-plot), nitrogen fertilizer (as sub-sub plot) and their interactions on growth and yiel...

In the present study, some nutritional imbalances, specific ion toxicity and yield-ion concentration relationships in maize under water, nitrogen (N) and salinity stresses were assessed. Effect of different levels of irrigation water (I1=1.0ETc+0.25ETc as leaching, I2 =0.75I1 and I3 =0.5I1) as main plot, salinity of irrigation water (S1=0.6, S2= 2.0 and S3=4.0 dS m-1) as sub-plot and N fertiliz...

both poor germination and crop establishment due to water stress and salinity are among the most important limitations for production in semi-arid regions such as iran. to evaluate the response of four genotypes of triticale (et-82-15، et-82-8، et-79-17 and juanillo-92) to different water potentials caused by salinity and/or drought and recognizing the germination and seedling establishment, a ...

The response of cell volume to changes in external salinity was assessed in four tissues (gill, mantle, hemolymph cells and ventricle) of the estuarine mussel Geukensia demissa by using one or more of the following three indicators of cell volume response: changes in cell dimensions, cell water space and cell solute content. All three techniques indicated that short-term volume regulation was g...

Salinity stress is a major abiotic factor that affects crop output, and as a pioneer crop in saline and alkaline land, salt tolerance study of cotton is particularly important. In our experiment, four salt-tolerance varieties with different salt tolerance indexes including CRI35 (65.04%), Kanghuanwei164 (56.19%), Zhong9807 (55.20%) and CRI44 (50.50%), as well as four salt-sensitive cotton varie...