BACKGROUND With almost 9 million new cases each year, tuberculosis remains one of the most feared diseases on the planet. Led by the STOP-TB Partnership and WHO, recent efforts to combat the disease have made considerable progress in a number of countries. However, the emergence of mutated strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that are resistant to the major anti-tuberculosis drugs poses a dead...

In November 2014, the German weekly Die Zeit confronted readers with a disturbing image. Staring at each other across the title page were a friendly looking pig and a human wearing a surgeon’s mask. The image was titled ‘‘Revenge From the Sty.’’ Inside the issue, numerous articles warned about the overuse of antibiotics on German farms and the dire health effects of resistant pathogens. The Nov...

The presence of pan-resistant bacteria worldwide possesses a threat to global health. It is difficult to evaluate the extent of carriage of resistant bacteria in the population. Sewage sampling is a possible way to monitor populations. We evaluated the presence of pan-resistant bacteria in Israeli sewage collected from all over Israel, by modifying the pour plate method for heterotrophic plate ...

Plants used for traditional medicine contain a wide range of substances which can be used to treat various infectious diseases. Hence, antibacterial activities of ethanolic extracts of 19 plant species were studied against multi-drug resistant clinical isolates using agar well diffusion method. Extracts of Liquidambar orientalis, Vitis vinifera,?? ?????????????????????? ????????????????????,...

conclusions our results show the presence of clonal groups of enterotoxin-producing mrsa strains in this hospital in tehran. the presence of bacteriophage encoded virulence factors and resistance to oxacillin enable bacteria to produce a broad spectrum range of diseases. results out of the 279 s. aureus isolates, 91 (32.6%) strains were confirmed as mrsa. totally, 6 enterotoxin and 2 virulence ...

background: methicillin resistant staphylococcus aureus (mrsa) nasal carriers play role in development of nosocomial infections and may increase treatment costs and mortality rate. these isolates, in addition to beta lactamase, is resistant to other drugs. carrier frequency and spectrum awareness of drug sensitivity in these isolates will be useful in choosing more effective methods of control ...

background: infection with non-typhoid salmonella (nts) is one of the most important health problems all over the world. antimicrobial drug resistance is increasing among salmonella infantis species. objectives: the aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of presence of class 1 integrons in s. infantis species as well as its association with drug resistance. materials and methods: th...

conclusions as a result of the full range uv-vis scanning of the responsible band in the hptlc experiments (200-700 nm), the flavonoid was the most imaginable natural compound. results through the bioassay guided fractionation method, the greatest antibacterial activities were related to the n-hexane extract. it was also revealed that the effective anti-mrsa agent of the assessed plant was a re...